introduced in Brazil (Fonseca et al. 1993) and there were no other reports of the presence of HLVd in this country. This is the first report of HLVd and CBCVd in commercial hop yards in Brazil. A more comprehensive survey needs to be performed to better understand incidence and severity of symptoms induced by viroid infections in hop yards in Brazil.Funding This work was supported by scientific research projects given by CNPq (proc. 400936/2016-0) and FAPESP (proc. 17/50334-3; 19/20746-3). M. Eiras and R. Harakava are fellows of CNPq and A. M. Oliveira was FAPESP Scholarship (proc. 19/06853-1). Work at J.A. Daròs laboratory was supported by the Spanish Ministerio de Ciencia e Innovación (grant PID2020-114691RB-I00).Publisher's note Springer Nature remains neutral with regard to jurisdictional claims in published maps and institutional affiliations.

O cole latent virus (CoLV) infecta brássicas e tem sido identificado apenas no Brasil. O vírus possui partículas flexuosas alongadas com cerca de 650 nm de comprimento e genoma constituído por RNA de fita simples poliadenilado com cerca de 8 kb. Apesar do CoLV não ter seu genoma completamente sequenciado, Cole latent virus é aceita pelo International Committee on Taxonomy of Viruses (ICTV) como espécie definitiva do gênero Carlavirus. Diante da escassez de informações da interação vírus-hospedeiros e da inexistência de sequências completas do genoma do CoLV, foram conduzidos testes biológicos e moleculares a partir de espécies e variedades comerciais de brássicas assintomáticas e sintomáticas coletadas nos Estados de Alagoas, Goiás, Paraná, São Paulo e Distrito Federal. Para a confirmação da presença do CoLV, as amostras foram inoculadas mecanicamente em diferentes espécies de plantas indicadoras e de brássicas comerciais e submetidas a RT-PCR utilizando primers específicos para a região 3’ do genoma do CoLV.

Cauliflower mosaic virus (CaMV) infects species of Brassicaceae worldwide, including weeds that can act as virus reservoirs. In a survey carried out in brassica fields, we detected CaMV infecting wild radish (Raphanus raphanistrum) from Southeast and Midwest of Brazil. To our knowledge, this is the first report of CaMV infecting this weed in Brazil.

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The genus Brassica, family Brassicaceae, comprises herbaceous crop plants distributed worldwide, which together provide the greatest diversity of food products used by humans from a single plant genus (Melo et al., 2019). Brazil ranks among the largest vegetable producers in the world (Carvalho et al., 2016). In 2016, the national production of brassica crops reached about