Mount Lawu is one of the highest inactive volcanoes in Java Island, Indonesia. Mount Lawu attracts people to cultivate its area for agriculture, but without proper management, the biodiversity in Mount Lawu is in threat. This research aimed to get information about diurnal bird diversity on the western slope of Mount Lawu which includes a forest area (FA), an agroforestry area (AA), and a residential area (RA). Data collection was performed through point count method in 5 to 6 point per sites within certain time intervals after dawn and before sunset. There were 61 bird species from 26 families with a total number of 1416 birds being observed. The diversity index of the western slope was 2.480, and the highest Hmax among observed areas was the forest area (3.714). Collocalia linchi (Di 37.92) and Pycnonotus aurigaster (Di 19.42) were very common almost in all observation areas. The most similar ecosystem was FA and AA (J 0.176), followed by AA and RA (J 0.24), and FA and RA (J 0.393). A better management of Mount Lawu is necessary to improve human and biodiversity wellness. The result of this study could be used as additional data to consider a stronger protection for the biodiversity in Mount Lawu.

Abstract. Krisanti AA, Widiyani T, Imron MA. 2017. Species diversity and population distribution of arboreal mammals in Kemuning Forest, Temanggung, Central Java, Indonesia. Biodiversitas 18: 1190-1195. Arboreal mammals which spent their life on the trees have significant roles for ecosystem balance and sustainability of forest ecosystem. This research aimed to reveal the diversity, population distribution, and the habitat used by arboreal mammals in Kemuning Forest of Bejen, Temanggung, Central Java, Indonesia. We conducted observation on the presence of arboreal mammals during four weeks started from April to July 2016. The observation was done within various times a day depends on the weather. 30 strips transect (ST) with 200m in length were established following the existing walking path for species identification. Point-quarter samplings (PQS) were used at every 50m of the track length for measuring diversity, density, and determining the dominant vegetation. There were 137 individuals of arboreal mammals detected and classified in 6 species, i.e., Callosciurus notatus, Ratufa bicolor, Galeopterus variegatus, Macaca fascicularis, Trachypithecus auratus, and Nycteris javanica. The largest population was M. fascicularis while the smallest was G. variegatus. There were 28 species of identified trees. Animals were observed in 22 tracks while the other six tracks were out of detected animals, so the relative frequency of animal was 80%. Diversity indices (H') of the animal were 1.342, whereas the vegetation diversity indices were 2.795. Dominant vegetation species were Ficus macrophylla (36%). The arboreal mammals were distributed in a clumped pattern. We concluded that Kemuning Forest had the potential to be the suitable habitat for arboreal mammals with better managements.