Cowden syndrome (CS) is an autosomal dominant condition caused by mutations in the phosphatase and tensin homolog (PTEN) gene, and is characterized by multiple hamartomas and a predisposition to malignant tumors. Characteristic skin lesions include trichilemmomas, acral keratosis, mucocutaneous neuromas, oral papillomas, and penile macules, and are often the first clues to the underlying diagnosis. Here, we discuss the mucocutaneous manifestations of CS, differential diagnoses of genetic causes of each cutaneous finding, genetic analyses for patients with skin manifestations, management of patients with CS, and potential new targeted therapies for CS.

Decorative tattooing is very popular worldwide and is associated with cutaneous complications, ranging from infections to localized or generalized skin reactions. We report a case of a patient presenting with generalized violaceous pruritic papular lesions 1 month after obtaining a black ink tattoo. Histological examination of a papular lesion distal to the tattoo site showed focal band‐like lymphocytic infiltrate. He subsequently developed bullae over the papular lesions, with elevated serum BP180 antibody levels. A diagnosis of generalized lichen planus and lichen planus pemphigoides was made. He responded to treatment with potent topical corticosteroids and ciclosporin. We also reviewed the presentation and treatment of published cases of lichenoid reactions in the literature. With the increasing popularity of tattoos, awareness of this potential complication and possible treatments is important.

No abstract

No abstract