Emissions of CO2 from the soil are the second‐largest component of the global carbon cycle, which has altered the climate and led to climate change. The main aim of this research was to evaluate the direct impact of climate and soil management systems on soil carbon emissions. Thus, CO2 emissions were measured from maize fields located in two different climate regions (continental and semi‐arid). The experimental design involved two different soil management systems (conventional tillage [CT], non‐tillage [NT]) from two different sites (Debrecen [Hungary], Karaj [Iran]). The results showed that total CO2 emission from the cultivated system (CT) was higher than that from the non‐cultivated (NT) one, regardless of the climate region. However, CO2 emissions from agricultural soil in a humid region are significantly different (p < .05) from semi‐arid regions, which clearly emphasizes the role of climate conditions in the CO2 emission processes. However, the general linear model reveals that all studied variables (soil management systems, date of measurement, soil temperature, soil water content) had a significant (p < .05) effect on soil carbon emission, where the explained variance was 0.866. The findings of this research stress the importance of NT in CO2 mitigations on the farm scale. However, the output could help to draw up mitigation strategies to minimize the total greenhouse gas emissions from agricultural soil in both countries.

Over the last few years, warming of the atmospheric layer near Earth's surface is increasingly experienced and researchers have also established that concentration of numerous greenhouse gases have risen over the past two centuries value. Change is basically a legitimate process - considering atmospheric concentration as well - but the change experienced during the past centuries could not have become this critical without the contribution of human activity. Due to the nature of the greenhouse effect, the result of a very fragile, complex process is experienced currently on Earth, which can be significantly unbalanced even by a slight change. Carbon dioxide emitted from the soil is involved in the global cycle and has an impact on the greenhouse effect. The rise in soil respiration may result in the further intensification of warming. In the scope of the present study, it was examined how carbon dioxide emissions of the soil evolve over a day. The results have been established based on the comparison of the effects of different parts of the day, tillage methods and irrigation.

In the heart of the western civilization, mainly in the European Union, we are more interested in the quality of the food than in its quantity. Due to our ever-changing world we have to pay more attention to the future of the latter, namely to food security. As food security depends on global warming as well, one of its triggering actors was selected for analysis, the emission of carbon dioxide from the soil. The experiments were set up in the Látókép experimental site, which is situated in the eastern part of Hungary. I have examined the effect of less soil disturbance regarding the CO2 emission, in the case of winter ploughing, strip tillage and subsoiling methods. Measurements were performed with five differently placed and unique cylinders and with the help of the TESTO 535 measuring device. The results confirmed the hypothesis: less emission can help in the fight against global warming, thus it has a direct link to and impact on food security. Keywords: food security, global warming, CO2 emission, tillage methods

Emissions of carbon dioxide (CO2) have deserved more and more attention of humanity since decades, but inspite of theme asures already taken there are no substantial results. CO2 is a very important chemical, one of the greenhouse gases, which on the one hand offsets the cooling of the Earth, but on the other hand the too high CO2 emission leads to the global warming. The emission from the soil contributes substantially to the global cycle. This type of emission is influenced by the soil moisture, temperature, the soil quality and the cultivation. Through our measurements we have studied the relationships between the type of cultivation and the emissions of carbon dioxide.

The atmospheric concentration of carbon dioxide increases from decade to decade in increasing pace. In 1957, atmospheric carbon dioxide levels were around 315 ppm, while in 2012 it amounted to 394.49 ppm concentration. In parallel, the global temperature is rising,which is projected to average 1.5–4.5 °C. The carbon dioxide concentration is a key factor – in interaction with the light – affects the plant's photosynthesis. Among the various factors significant interactions prevail: environmental factors affect - the growth and the development of plants, leaf area size and composition, the function of the photosynthetic apparatus, the duration of growing season.