Background of the StudyHuman resource management practices are key components of performance in almost all organizations. In any organization, the employees must be treated as a valuable asset. The organization mission will be achieved in a better way if the skills of the workers are developed. In the present competitive environment, the success of any organization depends on the caliber of their human resources and their programmes (Rehman, 2011).Academic performance is a threshold assessment used to measure a student's ability to meet performance criteria. Grades are used to measure learning or knowledge and attainment of learning objectives and acquisition of skills and competencies (York2015). Academic performance of a student is regarded as the observable and measurable behavior in a particular situation .Education outcomes are measured through examinations which have been accepted as an important aspect of the educational system. In Kenya, the Kenya Certificate of Secondary Education (KCSE) examination administered by the Kenya National Examinations Council (KNEC) measures student performance. It is used as the main basis for judging a student's ability and also as a means of selection for educational advancement and employment (Kieti, 2017). The education system in Kenya places a minimum grade C+ which students must obtain before they are admitted to public and private universities (Kigotho, 2012). Those who fail in the KCSE examination are most likely to join the high number of unemployed youngsters who look for informal jobs in a country that has few of them (Matiangi, 2017).Belinda, Crosnoe and Muller (2010) argue that in the US educational system, student advancement is predicated on graded performance in a series of classes. Failing to achieve passing grades has numerous additional implications during secondary school and beyond the school level. Students' academic failure is a major determinant of status attainment and adult well-being. Low-performing students are less likely to graduate from high school and less likely to go to college. This increases high school dropouts, and substantially lower adulthood wages.Academic performance as measured by the examination results is the aggregate form in a course or GPA is one of the major goals of a school globally (Oredein, 2016). The social and economic development of a county is directly linked with student academic performance (Mushtaq& Khan 2012). Students with quality results become great leaders and manpower for the country thus responsible for country's economic and social development. York (2015) notes that academic failure is not only frustrating to the pupils and the parents; its effects are equally grave on the society in terms of death of manpower in all spheres of the economy and politics.