This article reviews recent research on the neural mechanisms of personality disorders. Functional imaging studies have confirmed a neurobiological basis for personality traits. These types of studies also showed strong evidence for neurobiological foundations for personality pathology. Different types of personality disorders are discussed: borderline, antisocial, schizotypal, and avoidant disorders in terms of their neural correlates. A neuropsychological basis is shown as forming a stable foundation for impaired behavior, affectivity, and relevant cognitive function in subjects with personality disorders. This results in difficulties in the treatment of personality disorders. The presented neuropsychological findings suggest that personality disorders are best understood and treated when neurobiological and psychological findings are considered, just as Gabbard (2005) stated, without dichotomies between the 'mind and brain.'

There is a significant need to develop novel therapies for mesial temporal lobe epilepsy (TLE), a conclusion shared by the American Epilepsy Society Basic Science Committee, the International League Against Epilepsy Working Group for Preclinical Epilepsy Drug Discovery, and the National Advisory Neurological Disorders and Stroke Council. 1,2 Current animal models of TLE have serious drawbacks that hinder drug development efforts. These models typically begin by inducing a longlasting status epilepticus, by using either chemoconvulsants (eg, kainate, pilocarpine) or prolonged electrical stimulation. 3-5 Many

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