Annexes 1 and 2 capture a full set of EQ-5D population norm tables that were estimated for each country. The tables contain information on the size of the study, EQ VAS ratings and proportion of reported problems on each of the EQ-5D dimensions, as well as EQ-5D index values.Annex 1 includes surveys that were based on national representative populations. The survey for England is included among the national surveys, as it is expected to be referenced more widely in studies performed in the United Kingdom. Annex 2 includes surveys that were based on general populations but were limited to specific regions of the particular country. There are three examples where both national and regional surveys are available in a single country, including Spain, Sweden, and the United Kingdom. The choice between using the national versus the regional dataset as a reference group may well depend on the objectives and audiences of future studies. It is important to note that in all of these three countries, the regional surveys were conducted more recently. Both the survey for England and the Stockholm county survey capture a large proportion of the population in England and Sweden. The results of the English survey were similar to the UK survey, conducted 17 years previously, however no EQ VAS data were collected in the English survey. The new Stockholm county survey results show consistently worse EQ-5D population norms in all EQ-5D variables and in all age

This study provides EQ-5D population norms for 20 countries (N = 163,838), which can be used to compare profiles for patients with specific conditions with data for the average person in the general population in a similar age and/or gender group. Descriptive EQ-5D data are provided for the total population, by gender and by seven age groups. Provided index values are based on European VAS for all countries, based on TTO for 11 countries and based on VAS for 10 countries. Important differences exist in EQ-5D reported health status across countries after standardizing for population structure. Self-reported health according to all five dimensions and EQ VAS generally decreased with increasing age and was lower for females. Mean self-rated EQ VAS scores varied from 70.4 to 83.3 in the total population by country. The prior living standards (GDP per capita) in the countries studied are correlated most with the EQ VAS scores (0.58), while unemployment appeared to be significantly correlated in people over the age of 45 only. A country's expenditure on health care correlated moderately with higher ratings on the EQ VAS (0.55). EQ-5D norms can be used as reference data to assess the burden of disease of patients with specific conditions. Such information, in turn, can inform policy-making and assist in setting priorities in health care. KeywordsHealth state values · EQ-5D · Population norms · Health-related quality of life JEL Classification I10 · I30 · J11 · H51

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