Rhinosporidiosis is a rare ocular infection and a chronic granulomatous disease caused by Rhinosporidium seeberi. The disease is endemic in India and Sri Lanka but has been known to occur even in colder regions of North America and Eastern Europe. It is most commonly seen as a soft polypoidal pedunculated mass affecting mucus membranes of the nose, pharynx, and conjunctiva. We present a case of a 23 years male who presented with a flat, pedunculated, highly congested mass with a bumpy surface attached at the inferior border of the tarsal conjunctiva. It was initially suspected to be an epithelialized impacted foreign body but when completely excised and sent for histopathological examination revealed rhinosporidiosis. Diagnosis is based solely on microscopic features. Even though a rare clinical entity, it should be borne as a differential in case of any pedunculated conjunctival mass.

Purpose: The main objective of this study is to explore the efficacy of olopatadine 0.1% treatment in the resolution of symptoms of vernal keratoconjunctivitis (VKC) among the Indian population. Methods: This single-center, prospective cohort study involved 234 patients with VKC. Patients were treated with olopatadine 0.1%, twice daily for a period of 12 weeks and then followed up in 1 st week, 4 th week, 3 rd month, and 6 th month. The extent of relief in the symptoms of VKC was measured using total ocular symptom score (TOSS) and ocular surface disease index (OSDI). Results: In the present study, the dropout rate was 5.6%. Total of 136 males and 85 females with a mean age of 37.68 ± 11.35 years completed the study. TOSS score reduced from 58.85 to 5.06 and the OSDI score reduced from 75.41 to 11.2 with statistical significance ( P < 0.01) from 1 st week to 6 th week after olopatadine 0.1% treatment. The data showed relief in subjective symptoms of itching, tearing, and redness, and relief in discomfort in functions related to ocular grittiness, visuals like reading, and environmental like tolerability in dry conditions. Further, olopatadine 0.1% was effective in both males and females, and patients across ages 18–70 years. Conclusion: Based on TOSS and OSDI scores, the findings of this study validate safety and tolerability as revealed by low adverse effects and moderate efficacy of olopatadine 0.1% in reducing VKC symptoms in a broader age group (18–70 years) of both genders.