The ways in which young people communicate have changed in line with the impact of technologies. This change has been accompanied by growing differences between the young, and their "liquid" experience, and adults with their "solid" experience, and these shapes the state of the question that defines young people as digital natives. This work analyses Spanish adolescents' level of media competence. The sample consisted of 672 students attending secondary schools in 10 provinces in Spain. The average age of the participants was 14. The study aims to show that, although today's adolescents are described as the digital generation, and there is a widely held belief that they are digital natives, their level of media competence is low and there is need for fomenting greater literacy skills in this field. The ad hoc questionnaire yielded results that indicate an overall medium level of media competence, but a skills shortage in the dimensions relating to critical thinking, such as in reception and audience, production and programming processes, and ideology and values. The conclusions question the supposed superior competence of digital natives in media. This study underlines the need for a clear definition of the concept of media competence from a convergence perspective.
Los youtubers aglutinan a miles de seguidores en YouTube, su cercanía y la interactividad con sus seguidores son clave para mantener una comunidad que en muchas ocasiones se hacen dependientes de estos, ya que para muchos menores, se convierten en el único medio audiovisual, y sus padres en la mayoría de los casos no conocen el comportamiento de estos en línea. Tras la revisión teórica sobre redes sociales, las familias y los menores frente a Internet y YouTube y la competencia mediática de estas, con el objetivo de analizar la competencia mediática de los padres y la percepción que estos tienen sobre el impacto que producen los youtubers en sus hijos, realizamos un trabajo de campo a través de un instrumento de entrevista semiestructurada, utilizando un enfoque de estudio cualitativo, entrevistando a padres de la muestra seleccionada con menores con edades comprendidas entre los 9 y 15 años. Los resultados obtenidos fueron analizados con una herramienta de rejillas de creación propia y el sorfware de Atlas.Ti. Las principales conclusiones han permitido advertir que a pesar del conocimiento que tienen las familias sobre el consumo mediático de sus hijos, no asumen un papel activo en la protección de estos.
No abstract
Este artículo pretende dar a conocer el estado de la Televisión comunitaria en el proceso de instalación de la TV digital en Chile. A partir de un análisis documental de instrumentos públicos, disponibles en la web e instituciones gubernamentales, se plantea una visión tanto de la política de otorgamiento de concesiones actualmente en desarrollo, como de la entrega de dos fondos de fomento específicos. Asimismo, se señala que sin otras políticas de apoyo estatales la TV comunitaria no puede subsistir. Como conclusión, se plantea que sólo con la articulación de las políticas analizadas y un cambio legal del sistema de medios en su conjunto se puede garantizar la sustentabilidad de estos medios que favorecen la participación ciudadana, la diversidad y el pluralismo.
Before the pandemic crisis, the irruption of the convergent scenario and the television digitalization forced the Latin American public television to develop strategies that consider new forms of audiovisual consumption and to make the resources profitable, such as the development of digital platforms and co-production with independent creators. Pakapaka, TVN and Señal Colombia coproduced children television programs with Chilean filmmakers that achieved a high audience and received acknowledgements at audiovisual festivals for their quality, their contribution to the local identity and Latin American own nature. Based on a content analysis carried out on tv shows aimed to children, present in both Chilean public digital platforms: CNTV Infantil (former Novasur) and TVN Kids, this study describes the collaborative model from the media literacy perspective, with emphasis on the diversity of children’s programs, considering their origins, acquisition, financing, and characteristics of the protagonist’s characters. The results indicate that the contents are varied and that the presence of female protagonists, native peoples and migrants, although incipient, constitutes a contribution to the identity of the continent’s childhoods. In conclusion, it is essential that public service television can count on permanent funding that promotes the realization of relevant content for children, in accordance with their public service mission, especially in today pandemic crisis and confinement.
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