Latar belakang. Ensefalopati hipoksik iskemik (EHI) merupakan komplikasi asfiksia neonatorum yang mengenai sistem saraf pusat berupa disfungsi serebrovaskular dan oksigenasi, gangguan neurotransmiter, degenerasi sel-sel neuron, edema serebral yang berakhir pada kematian sel. Penelitian sebelumnya mendapatkan peningkatan kadar neuron specific enolase (NSE) cairan serebrospinal pada bayi dengan EHI. Masih belum banyak penelitian mengenai kadar NSE serum pada bayi dengan EHI. Tujuan. Mengetahui hubungan kadar NSE serum dengan derajat EHI pada asfiksia neonatorum. Metode. Penelitian analitik observasional pendekatan potong lintang dilakukan dari bulan Oktober 2015 sampai Februari 2016. Sampel adalah bayi asfiksia yang mengalami EHI, diambil secara konsekutif. Analisis statistik diuji dengan korelasi Spearman. Orang tua atau wali diminta menandatangani informed consent. Hasil. Kami mendapatkan 39 bayi asfiksia yang mengalami EHI, terdiri atas 20 bayi laki-laki dan 19 perempuan. Terdapat hubungan bermakna antara kadar NSE serum dengan derajat EHI pada asfiksia neonatorum (koefisien korelasi r =0,893 nilai p<0,001). Kesimpulan. Terdapat korelasi positif antara kadar NSE dengan derajat EHI pada asfiksia neonatorum. Sari Pediatri 2016;18(1):1-5Kata kunci: neuron-specific enolase, ensefalopati hipoksik iskemik, asfiksia neonatorum Serum Neuron-Specific Enolase and Hypoxic Ischemic Encephalopathy Degree in Neonatal AsphyxiaAgus Wijata, Rocky Wilar, Sarah M. Warouw, Johnny Rompis Background. Hypoxic ischemic encephalopathy (HIE) is a poor complication of neonatal asphyxia. Previous studies showed elevated levels of cerebrospinal fluid neuron specific enolase (NSE) in infant with HIE. There are very few studies have been conducted about serum NSE level in infant with HIE. Objective. To determine the relationship of serum NSE levels with HIE degree in neonatal asphyxia Method. We conducted an observational study with cross-sectional approach from October 2015 until February 2016. Samples were asphyxiated newborn with HIE based on Sarnat and Sarnat modification criteria. Samples were taken consecutively. The relationship between serum NSE levels with HIE degree were tested with Spearman correlation analysis. Informed consent was attained from parents or guardians. This study was approved by ethical comittee Prof. Dr. R. D. Kandou Hospital Manado. Results. We found 39 asphyxiated newborns with HIE, consisted of 20 boys and 19 girls. There was a significant correlation between serum NSE levels with HIE degree in neonatal asphyxia (correlation coefficient r s =0.893 with p<0.001). Conclusion. The higher levels of serum NSE, the greater degree of HIE in asphyxia neonatorum. Sari Pediatri 2016;18(1):1-5