Pigments from Monascus sp. may color nata. The mold also produces monacolin K that inhibits HMG-CoA reductase affecting the reduction of blood cholesterol. The aim of this study was to produce the colored nata containing monacolin K. The mold was isolated from commercial angkak. Potato sucrose (PS) and synthetic glucose (SG) media were used to ferment nata with Monascus purpureus J1. Fermentation of nata in PS medium produced red nata, while that in SG medium produced orange nata. The color of nata was similar to the color of supernatant. The optimum red production was obtained after five days of incubation, while the orange production increased th -1 until the 14 day. The color concentrations of the supernatant of PS medium containing nata (35.4 μg mL ) were lower than those without -1 nata (12.4 μg mL ). The colors of nata looked darker than the color of the supernatant. The concentration of monacolin K in the red nata -1 -1 and the supernatant of PS medium were 0.6 μg mL and 4.6 μg mL respectively, while those in the orange nata and the supernatant of SG -1 -1medium were 3.2 μg mL and 14.6 μg mL respectively. Dry matter biomass in the PS medium was lower than that in the SG medium. Even though the color of nata looked relatively stable, analyses of the nata water extract that showed a stable condition only occurred O in freezing (-20 °C) and soaking in buffer solution of pH 12; boiling, water washing, and soaking in a solution of pH 3 and 7 reduced the pigment concentration. Monacolin K concentration was not stable for every treatment, especially for water washing and freezing. -1 -1 Eventhough it was not stable, the boiling nata contained red pigments and monacolin K of 19.7 μg mL and 0.1 μg mL respectively, which can be served as functional food
Agricultural products may easily perish if they are not well taken care of during postharvest treatment. One of the main causes in damaged products is the biological contamination of pathogenic fungi, such as Rhizopus spp. that gives rise to Rhizopus rot symptoms. The purpose of this research was to isolate Rhizopus spp. from different agricultural products showing Rhizopus rot symptoms as well as to identify them. Rhizopus pure cultures were isolated on potato dextrose agar. Identification was done through molecular techniques using PhytopureTM DNA Extraction Kit and Maxwell® RSC Plant DNA Kit for DNA isolation, internal transcribed spacer (ITS4 and ITS5) as primers for amplification, and molecular evolutionary genetics analysis 7 (MEGA7) for the reconstruction of phylogenetic tree from sequence result. The phylogenetic tree using Maximum Likelihood statistics with 1,000 replications of bootstrap test showed five strains, namely AR9, AR10, AR11, AR13, and AR14, which belong to R. delemar, and the other seven remaining strains, AR1-AR7 belong to R. stolonifer. Identification was clarified with morphological and physiological data using Rhizopus growth at temperature control of 33 and 42°C as well as microscopic observation involving rhizoid, columella, measurement of sporangiospores, and sporangiophores.
Oncom hitam merupakan produk fermentasi asli Indonesia yang dibuat dari bungkil kacang tanah sebagai substrat dan kapang Rhizopus spp. Sebagai agen fermentasi. Rhizopus yang berperan pada proses pembuatan oncom hitam perlu diketahui identitasnya serta dikonservasi sehingga dapat berguna untuk pengembangan fermentasi makanan yang aman untuk dikonsumsi. Penelitian ini bertujuan mengisolasi dan mengidentifikasi Rhizopus pada oncom hitam. Sampel diambil dari beberapa pasar tradisional di DKI Jakarta, Jawa Barat, dan Jawa Timur. Identifikasi Rhizopus dilakukan dengan pendekatan morfologi bentuk spora, kolumela, dan rizoid serta panjang sporangiofor, dan dengan pendekatan fisiologi pada suhu pertumbuhan 33, 42, 46, 48, dan 5°C pada medium agar-agar dekstrosa kentang. Identifikasi dilakukan mengikuti “A Monograph of Rhizopus”. Rhizopus yang berhasil diisolasi dari sampel oncom hitam ialah sebanyak 13 galur yang terdiri atas R. arrhizus var. delemar (R. delemar), R. arrhizus var. tonkinensis (R. oryzae), dan R. microsporus var. chinensis. Ketiganya merupakan varietas Rhizopus yang pertama kali dilaporkan ada pada oncom hitam.
Tahu merupakan makanan tradisional Indonesia yang memiliki banyak keunggulan sebagai bahan pangan dan prosespembuatannya sangat sederhana. Namun demikian, pengetahuan masyarakat tentang tahu dan cara membuat tahu yangsehat masih rendah. Oleh sebab itu, pengabdian pada masyarakat ini bertujuan untuk meningkatkan pengetahuanmasyarakat tentang tahu sebagai makanan yang sehat dan cara pembuatan nya. Kegiatan pengabdian dilakukan padawarga WKRI Paroki St. Maria Fatima, Sentul City, Bogor 16810 dengan menggunakan metode penyuluhan,demonstrasi, dan pendampingan. Monitoring dilakukan untuk mengukur tingkat keberhasilan peserta dalammemproduksi tahu sehat. Persepsi peserta tentang tahu dievaluasi melalui metode survei dan peningkatan pengetahuandiukur melalui test (pretest dan post test). Hasil penyuluhan, demonstrasi, dan pendampingan berhasil meningkatkanketerampilan peserta yang terlihat dari keberhasilan peserta dalam mengikuti prosedur pembuatan tahu. Hasil tersebutjuga diperkuat oleh hasil monitoring dimana seluruh peserta berhasil membuat tahu yang sehat. Hasil surveimenunjukkan peningkatan pengetahuan peserta tentang tahu sehat dan peningkatan motivasi peserta dalammemproduksi tahu sehat secara mandiri. Penilaian peserta tentang jalannya kegiatan pengabdian sangat baik terutamadalam meningkatkan pengetahuan (89% menyatakan sangat setuju dan sisanya setuju). Kemampuan fasilitator dalammenyampaikan materi juga dinilai baik oleh peserta (53% menyatakan sangat setuju dan sisanya setuju). Sebagaitindak lanjut peserta menyatakan bahwa mereka akan membagikan pengetahuan kepada teman dan keluarga. Salahsatu bukti nyata dari keberhasilan pelatihan ini ialah salah satu peserta yang menjadi pengusaha tahu.
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