Although Vernix caseosa peritonitis (VCP) is a rare complication of cesarean section (CS). It possesses a high rate of morbidity and its exact underlying pathology is not fully understood yet. However, it is assumed that the leakage of amniotic fluid into the maternal abdominal cavity triggers the inflammatory process. We discussed herein a 25-year-old patient who developed acute peritonitis three days after cesarean section. CT abdomen showed multiple fluid collections with no obvious other pathologies. At laparotomy, we found cheesy exudates covering the peritoneal surface of the abdominal viscera and multiple turbid fluid collections, but no bowel, uterine, or any another organ injury could be identified. Abdominal washing was done and, as the appendix was queried, an appendectomy was added. Histopathology study of the omental biopsy revealed mixed inflammatory infiltrate, fibrin, fetal hair, and squames. These findings suggest the diagnosis of VCP, but the removed appendix was normal. The postoperative course was long and complicated. A few cases of VCP were reported in the world; the majority of these cases are from the USA and a few are from the UK. According to the information we have, our case is the first reported case of VCP in Saudi Arabia. Typically, VCP is manifested as acute abdomen hours to weeks after CS or vaginal delivery. As VCP is usually mistaken for the other causes of acute peritonitis, and the diagnosis is only established by the histopathology examination of peritoneal or omental biopsies, the case is commonly managed by urgent laparotomy or laparoscopy with the removal of suspected organs, which are later confirmed to be normal on histopathology study. The typical intraoperative findings are adhesive exudate, white or cheeselike membranes covering the intraabdominal viscera, and fluid collections, but no visceral injuries can be identified. Therefore, it is crucial to include the VCP in the differential diagnosis of the acute abdomen after CS or vaginal delivery to avoid unnecessary laparotomy and removal of normal organs.

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Distributed Photovoltaic applications bring considerable benefits to the distribution network, especially in regions with high irradiation levels. This work contributes to the efforts of adapting Distributed Photovoltaic applications in Iraq, as it has high irradiation levels. The development of a Photovoltaic physical model for Distributed Photovoltaic installations under actual weather conditions has been presented. Additionally, the impact of Distributed Photovoltaic installations connected at downstream points of distribution feeders on the voltage profile along those feeders has been discussed. Based on that, a suitable procedure to assess this impact has been developed under four different scenarios. A case study of the existing 11 kV feeder in Baghdad has been used to apply the developed procedure by considering different scenarios of Distributed Photovoltaic integration. The case study concluded no over-voltage issues along the feeder, even with the extreme conditions of applied scenarios, related to voltage level at the feeder head, capacity and location of the Distributed Photovoltaic plant, and load/ Distributed Photovoltaic profiles of summer and winter.