In today's world communication has become so easy due to integration of communication technologies with internet. However the visually challenged people find it very difficult to utilize this technology because of the fact that using them requires visual perception. Even though many new advancements have been implemented to help them use the computers efficiently no naïve user who is visually challenged can use this technology as efficiently as a normal naïve user can do that is unlike normal users they require some practice for using the available technologies. This paper aims at developing an email system that will help even a naïve visually impaired person to use the services for communication without previous training. The system will not let the user make use of keyboard instead will work only on mouse operation and speech conversion to text. Also this system can be used by any normal person also for example the one who is not able to read. The system is completely based on interactive voice response which will make it user friendly and efficient to use.

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Kebutuhan komunikasi saat ini sangat penting seiring dengan kemajuan dan perkembangan teknologi komunikasi data yang semakin canggih yang menjadi permasalahan adalah perlunya suatu layanan internet yang bersifat main backup, untuk mengoptimalkan jaringan internal, perlu menggunakan metode HSRP pada router cisco, karena apabila ISP utama tidak berfungsi maka akan dialihkan ke ISP backup. Hot Standby Router Protocol (HSRP) adalah sebuah protokol standar CISCO yang menetapkan sebuah router yang secara otomatis mengambil alih jika router yang lain gagal. Dalam HSRP di setting dua status router yaitu aktif dan standby. Router standby baru digunakan jika router aktifnya gagal. Dalam konfigurasi HSRP ada dua status router yaitu active dan standby. Sebuah router akan secara otomatis mengambil alih jika router yang lain gagal, dan jaringan tidak langsung terputus. Serta perbaikan jaringan tidak harus dilakukan sesaat setelah terjadi gangguan pada ISP main, karena ISP backup akan menggantikan fungsi ISP main Ketika down.Kata kunci : Jaringan, cisco, Router

Bahtsul masail is one of the mechanisms of Islamic jurisprudence in Indonesia which is done collectively (jama’ i). Forum that comes fromthis pesantren is not consisted of permanent council, but open to kiai and jurisprudence. The term bahtsul masail itself comes from pesantren, which is a substitute for the word ijtihad or istinbath. Bahtsul masail can also be referred to as intellectual forum of pesantren outside the learning system. In the tradition of pesantren learning, the students studied the yellow book with sorogan and bandongan system. In the sorogan tradition, the santri individually get direct guidance from the kiai or ustadz. While in the bandongan system the santri together listened to the reading and explanation of the kiai while giving notesto their respective books. While the mass bahsul masail in pesantren is a higher-level recitation system, involving senior santri who have met certain scientific standards, or alumni who have completed the education phase at the pesantren. In this issue the senior students and alumni of pesantren are ‘challenged’ to think hard and solve various religious problems faced by the surrounding community with the reference of ‘kitab kuning’ that have been studied. Bahtsul masail not only serves as a forum for discussion or assessment forums, more than that bahtsul masail becomes a forum of legal determination on some importantissues concerning the problematic of people from time to time. When it was adopted by Nahdlatul Ulama (NU) since the founding of the organization in 1926, bahtsul masail has grown, both in terms of the choice of masail (question), as well as its procedures of discussion and ratification; according to the development flow of NU organization from year to year. It can be simply said that the first bahtsul masail was a forum to seek the reference of various religious questions (masa’il diniyyah) from collective kitab kuning (jama’ i).

Dijelaskan riset ini bermaksut menganalisa  NPF & DPK terhadap pembiayaan PT. Bank Sayriah Mandiri, Riset ini memakai pendekatan kuantitatif deskripstif. Dipreoleh NPF -4378 serta sig. ,014 < ,05. DPK 33,492 serta sig. ,000<, 05. Serta uji-f diperoleh hasil 898,806 serta sig. ,000<05. Disimpulkan adanya pengaruh NPF & DPK terhadap pembiayaan PT. Bank Syariag Mandiri baik secara parsial & simultan.