Introduction Recurrent aphthous stomatitis (RAS) is the mouth’s most common and painful inflammatory ulcerative condition, also called aphthae or canker sores. Its prevalence is about 20% and predisposition factors involve genetics, environmental factors, and immune dysfunctions. Objective Reviewing the literature and no study was found to show the prevalence and associated factors of recurrent aphthous ulceration in the context of Afghanistan. Therefore, this study aimed to determine the lifetime prevalence and associated factors of recurrent aphthous ulceration among dentistry students at Kabul University of Medical Sciences, Afghanistan. Methods A cross-sectional questionnaire-based study was carried out among 223 dentistry students. A descriptive and inferential analysis was performed to find the association. Results The prevalence of (RAS) in our sample group was 30%. (68.7%) of participants had one or more family members who experienced aphthous ulcers and the association was found to be significant ( X 2 = 134.940; p < 0, 05). (81%) of participants experienced the condition to eating certain types of food ( X 2 = 165.906; p < 0, 05) and (53.7%) of them reported the same about trauma ( X 2 = 99.958; p < 0, 05). Regarding stress the difference was also statistically significant ( X 2 = 56.830; p < 0, 05). Conclusion We found that a considerable proportion of the study sample had experienced recurrent aphthous ulceration. Family history, stress, trauma, and dietary factors have an impact on the occurrence of RAS with no association with gender and smoking.

Background: In Pakistan, healthcare policies have been implemented to improve children's oral health, including the provision of dental services at primary healthcare centers, the inclusion of dental care services in health insurance schemes, and the promotion of oral health education among the public. However, it is unclear whether these policies have resulted in uniform changes in pediatric dental coverage and visits across different regions and socioeconomic groups. Objective: This study aimed to investigate variations in pediatric dental coverage and visits following the implementation of healthcare policies in Pakistan. Methods: A cross-sectional survey design was used, with a sample size of 200 children aged 0-18 years. Data on pediatric dental coverage and visits were collected through structured interviews with the children and their parents or guardians. The data were analyzed using descriptive statistics and chi-square tests to identify any significant variations in the pediatric dental coverage and visits across different regions and socioeconomic groups. Results: The study found that there were significant variations in pediatric dental coverage and visits across different regions and socioeconomic groups.