Sonchus arvensis L., commonly known as perennial sow thistle, field milk thistle, among other names, is a weedy species that has medicinal values. Belongs to the Daisy family (Asteraceae), S. arvensis has a rosette form and it can be harvested more than once. The determination of harvest interval for ratoon of S. arvensis is necessary because ratooning can save time to produce the consecutive plant biomass, but the second harvest must be conducted at the correct time as it will determine the quantity and quality of leaves. As source of herbal medicine, cultivation of S. arvensis with organic fertilizer is preferred, and determination of organic fertilizer rates is also important for ratooning. The purpose of the study was to evaluate the plant growth response and yield with different chicken manure rates and different harvest intervals. The field experiment was conducted at IPB experimental station in Cikarawang, Darmaga Bogor, Indonesia. The study used a randomized complete block design with different manure rates (0, 7, 14, 21 ton.ha-1) and various harvest intervals (6, 8, and 10 weeks after the first harvest) as treatments.  The results showed that for the first harvest, the effect of chicken manure rates was linear almost on all variables. For the ratoon (second harvest), manure rate of 14 ton.ha-1 (for first harvest) added with 4 ton.ha-1 (after first harvest) was enough for leaf production. The results indicate that ratoon should be harvested at 10 weeks after the first harvest to obtain the highest yield. The interaction between manure rates and harvest interval was not significant for growth variables of the second harvest.

<p>ABSTRACT<br />Perennial sow thistle (Sonchus arvensis L.) is one of medicinal plants which has potential in healing kidney disease. However, quality and sufficient supply of perennial sow thistle seedling with good quality is inadequate. This research was aimed at producing perennial sow thistle seedling generatively and to determine the suitable type of growth media and media volume for its production. The experiment was conducted in experimental field at Cikarawang, IPB from October 2015 to January 2016. The experiment was laid out in completely factorial randomized design (3x3) with three replications. The two of treatment factors were volume of growth media (9, 12, and 29 mL) and composition of growth media (100% goat manure, 50% goat manure + 50% rice hull charcoal, and 33% goat manure + 33% rice hull charcoal + 33% coco peat) (v:v). The results showed that larger media volume produced better perennial sow thistle seedling. There was significant effect of interaction between media volume and composition of growth media to some variables: leaf number, leaf length, leaf width, plant weight, shoot weight, root length, and total flavonoid concentration. The result showed that 50% goat manure + 50% rice hull charcoal and combination of media volume 12 mL was strongly recommended for production of perennial sow thistle seedling.<br />Keywords: coco peat, flavanoid, manure, rice hull, seedling</p><p>ABSTRAK<br />Tempuyung (Sonchus arvensis L.) merupakan salah satu tanaman obat yang berpotensi untuk mengatasi masalah penyakit batu ginjal. Besarnya potensi yang dimiliki oleh tempuyung belum diimbangi dengan penyediaan bibit yang baik dan jumlah yang besar. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk memproduksi bibit tempuyung melalui pembibitan secara generatif, serta menentukan jenis media tanam dan volume media yang tepat. Percobaan dilakukan di kebun percobaan Cikarawang IPB, pada bulan Oktober 2015 sampai Januari 2016. Percobaan menggunakan Rancangan Acak Lengkap (RAL) dengan 2 faktor, faktor pertama adalah jenis komposisi media tanam yaitu menggunakan 100% pupuk kandang kambing, 50% pupuk kandang kambing+ 50% arang sekam, dan 33% pupuk kandang kambing + 33% arang sekam + 33% cocopeat (v:v), faktor ke dua adalah volume media dengan ukuran 7.9, 12, dan 29 mL tiap lubang pada tray, setiap perlakuan memiliki 3 ulangan. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa perlakuan volume media yang lebih besar (29 mL) menghasilkan pertumbuhan dan hasil bibit tempuyung yang lebih baik. Terdapat pengaruh interaksi antara perlakuan jenis komposisi media dan volume media terhadap peubah jumlah daun, panjang daun, lebar daun, bobot total dan bobot tajuk tanaman, panjang akar serta kadar total flavonoid. Perlakuan media terbaik untuk produksi bibit tempuyung komposisi media 50% pupuk kandang kambing + 50% arang sekam (v:v) dengan volume media 12 mL.<br />Kata kunci : arang sekam, cocopeat, flavonoid, pembibitan, pupuk kandang kambing</p>