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The article carries out an analytical review of different approaches to defining the “green economy” phenomenon. The main fields and ways of using this term are described. The existing environmental management tools (environmental impact assessment, certification, auditing and the best available techniques) do not allow to evaluate environmental compatibility of projects and technologies, and are not able to specify the ways of their optimization. The authors suggest estimates of non-wastes, specific consumption, ecological and economical effectiveness, land capacity. The efficiency of reducing their values to a single integral component was proved in the article.

Two drying systems, natural sun and solar energy systems (active and passive) were used in this research to determine the effect of drying systems on drying characteristics of marigold medical plant. The natural sun drying system gave the worst average drying rate of 0.29 % (db/min) due to long drying period of 39 h and low levels of drying temperature of 23.1 °C. The solar energy systems consist of two drying systems, passive and active solar drying systems. In the passive solar drying system (tunnels), the highest average drying properties were in tunnel 4 which had average tunnel temperature of 41.2 °C, the average drying rate was 0.64 % (db/min) and the total accumulated drying time was 16 h. In the active solar drying system, the time required for drying the marigold petals and its drying rate ranged from 29 to 31 h and 0.33 to 0.39 % (db/min) respectively. The active solar drying system increased the drying rate comparing with the natural sun drying system.

Marigold plant is considered one of the most important medicinal plants. It is used in pharmacological industrials, beauty tools and its pigment is utilized as a natural alternative of chemical pigment. So, the objectives of this paper are to determine the drying characteristic coefficients and investigate the chemical and sensory characteristics of dried marigold petals by utilizing electrical drying equipment at different drying air temperatures and airflow rates. In electrical laboratory drying system (ELDS), the experiments were conducted at two controlled factors to study the drying characteristics for marigold petals, airflow rate (Qe), cu-m/min. at three levels of (0.65, 0.81 and 1.05 cu-m/min.) and drying air temperature (T), °C at four levels of (43, 48, 53 and 63° C). At high drying air temperature levels of 63°C and air flow rates ranged at 0.65-1.05 had the best average drying rates of (9.28-11.63% db/min) and the best constant drying rate of (18.61-21.35% db/min). The highest drying factors were in the range of (3.462-4.56 1/h). It had the low critical moisture content time of (20-40 min.). Also it had the best sensory characteristics for color, appearance and quality. It had the best carotene concentration (Con) value range of 310.35-312.29 mg/g with an excellent unchanging control treatment which had value of 332.39 mg/g. Drying air temperature (T), °C had a high significant increasing effect on all drying, sensory and chemical characteristics. Meanwhile, the air flow rate had no significant effect on the previous drying characteristics.