Evaluation the flow of a new experimental modeling waxes. Materials and methods: synthesis of one hundred twenty (120) samples of different modeling waxes by mixing different percentages of local natural waxes (hard paraffin, soft paraffin and beeswax) and additives (starch, gum Arabic, rosin and Na-CMC (Na-carboxymethylcellulose)) using mold made from brass according to ADA specification No.24, then measure the flow of them by using vicat apparatus after making modification. Results: The experimental modeling wax (80% hard paraffin+20% soft paraffin) and (80% beeswax+20% soft paraffin) had the most nearest properties to control (Poly wax) at 40°and 45°C and experimental modeling wax (90% beeswax +10% Starch) to control (Major) at 40°C and experimental modeling waxes (80% beeswax+20% hard paraffin), (80% hard paraffin+15% soft paraffin+5% beeswax), (70% hard paraffin+20% soft paraffin+10% Beeswax) and (90% Beeswax+10% Starch) to control (Major) at 45°C. Conclusions: Flow of waxes showed increased with the increasing heating the temperature from 40°C to 45°C.

Aims:The aims of this study were to evaluate the manipulation , and accuracy of the prepared experimental modeling waxes from hard paraffin wax, by adding some natural products (natural beeswax, starch, and amaranth) materials and compared with the control ( Polywax and Major wax) by constructing maxillary completely edentulous record base. Materials and Methods: The manipulation of 36 samples of the two experimental modeling waxes and control (Polywax and Major wax ) were evaluated by preparing a special mold of maxillary arch made of die stone according to the form of manufacturing trademarks of base plate wax (Major wax). All samples (maxillary arch record base) were prepared and measured after 1hr, 24hr, and 48hr. by using Dimax program. Results: the results of all new experimental modeling waxes showed easy manipulation, except the sample with additives { experimental modeling wax No. 2 (90% beeswax + 10% starch)} which showed less dimensional changes (0.17%) from others. Conclusions: the experimental modeling wax No. 1 (80% hard paraffin + 20% beeswax) and experimental modeling wax No. 2 (90% beeswax + 10% starch) were closest in properties to control and ADA specification No. 24 than other waxes.

Aims: To determine the effect of different beverage solutions on the hardness of different acrylic denture teeth which are commercially available. Materials and Methods: Sixty samples were prepared from three brands of artificial teeth in this study. The posterior teeth of each brand were placed in auto polymerizing acrylic resin and the occlusal surfaces were ground flat, then immersed in distilled water (control), Pepsi, coffee and tea solutions for 30 days and then the hardness were tested using Vickers microhardness tester. Results: The RMH denture teeth materials showed the highest hardness than other denture teeth materials. Pepsi was more effective than tea and coffee in reducing the hardness of different acrylic teeth materials. Conclusions: Pepsi reduced the hardness of different acrylic teeth materials during the 30 days immersion. The hardness of RMH denture teeth materials was less affective by the different beverage solutions.

Aims of the study: preparation of a new experimental modeling wax from hard paraffin, beeswax, starch, and medical Grass Extract (olive oil) and study the linear thermal expansion and melting point properties of the prepared wax. Materials and Methods : The samples were prepared ( 30 samples) by mixing Iraqi natural waxes (hard paraffin and beeswax) with additives (starch and olive oil) using special percentages proportions determined according to this study and using mold prepared according to ADA specification No.24, and the melting range and thermal expansion of these samples measured then compared with commercial modeling wax (SHANGCHI). Results: The new experimental modeling wax 1 ( 80% hard paraffin + 15% beeswax + 5% olive oil) have minimum and maximum melting point mean value (59.8 -63.6 °c) near to control (commercial modeling wax) (58 -63.4 °c) and the new experimental modeling wax 2 (90% beeswax + 5% starch + 5% olive oil) have linear thermal expansion mean value (0.186%) near to control (SHANGCHI) (commercial modeling wax) (0.204%). Conclusions : The addition of olive oil to new experimental modeling wax 1(80% hard paraffin + 15% beeswax + 5% olive oil) lead to increase the linear thermal expansion and reduce the melting point, and the addition of olive oil to new experimental modeling wax 2 (90% beeswax + 5% starch + 5% olive oil) lead to decrease thermal expansion and reduce melting point.

No abstract