No abstract

We consider two order relations: that induced by the m-ary reflected Gray code and a suffix partitioned variation of it. We show that both of them when applied to some sets of restricted growth sequences still yield Gray codes. These sets of sequences are: subexcedant or ascent sequences, restricted growth functions, and staircase words. In each case we give efficient exhaustive generating algorithms and compare the obtained results.Remark 1. If st is a statistic satisfying relations (2) and (3) above, then 1. max{st(s 1 s 2 . . . s n ) | s 1 s 2 . . . s n is an st-restricted growth sequence} = n − 1;

Based on BRGC inspired order relations we define Gray codes and give a generating algorithm for q-ary words avoiding a prescribed factor. These generalize an early 2001 result and a very recent one published by some of the present authors, and can be seen as an alternative to those of Squire published in 1996. Among the involved tools, we make use of generalized BRGC order relations, ultimate periodicity of infinite words, and word matching techniques.

This research discusses the issue of LGBT in the Malaysian society by sharing the experience of a former practitioner of the sexual orientation described generally as LGBT. Using the qualitative method of interview and textual analysis of the interview, the research ask the question of whether this sexual orientation is a natural phenomenon or an ideology propagated by certain quarters as is the practice in the contemporary time. The findings of the research through the interaction with the former practitioner of this sexual orientation show that the issue is a double edge sword which requires caution and understanding from the larger society. However, the research shows that it is not something that is insurmountable as is being portrayed in certain quarters.

This study on leadership examines the purposes of the Leadership by Example Campaign during Tun Dr Mahathir Mohamad’s tenure as Prime Minister of Malaysia. Leadership studies are interested in people from all walks of life because the struggles of the brave and wise leaders have become the source of legends and myths.Therefore, the issue of leadership is an important agenda for both the private and public sectors ineither developed countries or developing countries. The issue becomes more acute due to a constantly changing environment.In fact, every change that happens in the environment becomes a constant challenge for leaders in all sectors.In the context of the political leadership in Malaysia, the position and interests of UMNO and Barisan Nasional led by Tun Dr Mahathir Mohamad was quite evident because it was the leadership that had led the country for a long period of time to the extent that it was considered as a bridge connecting two generations of UMNO. However, people who were born in the 1980s only recognised one Prime Minister and four Deputy Prime Ministers until the day of his retirement. Thus, the study found that the Leadership by Example Campaign introduced by Tun Dr Mahathir Mohamad that aimed for instilling and cultivating effective leadership was emulated, appreciated and practised by all levels of society.In general, this study used a qualitative approach. While, this data was gathered through document review and analysis of the content to obtain the results. The Leadership by Example Campaign was a noble effort from Tun Dr Mahathir Mohamad to foster a spirit of discipline and establish the identity of every Malaysian to be able to stand tall together with other nations.