This paper describes the effect of multi walled carbon nanotubes (MWCNTs) on the properties, especially the strength properties of rigid polyurethane (PU) foams produced from palm oil based polyol (POP) and methylene diphenyl diisocyanate (MDI). The foam composites in the ratio of 1:1.1 (wt. %) mixed at speed 2000 rpm. The addition of MWCNTs into PU foam are varies from 0 wt. % to 3 wt. %. The properties evaluated were compressive strength, density and energy absorption. Compressive strength of PU foam composites with 0.5% of MWCNTs showed the highest value 1.162 MPa of compressive strength compared to other foam composites. It was proved by modeling displacement nodal magnitude using NX Software (version 8.5). The density was increased 15.69 % with addition of 0.5 % MWCNTs into the PU foam. Increasing the amount of MWCNTs in PU foam was found to improve the energy absorption from 22.89 J for pure PU to 24.53 J for foam composites with 3 % MWCNTs.

The rigid polyurethane (PU) were produced using ionic liquid (IL) modified multi walled carbon nanotubes (MWCNTs) by reaction of palm oil based polyol (POP) with methylene diphenyl diisocyanate (MDI). The 1-butyl-3-methylimidazolium tetrafluoborate (BMIMBF4) used as IL to disperse MWCNTs in PU foam by grinding in ratio 1:3 by weight of MWCNTs to IL till black paste were obtained. The effects of different percentage of modified MWCNTs (0.0 - 3.0 %) on Polyurethane / Multi Walled Carbon Nanotubes / Ionic Liquid (PMI) foam composites were evaluated in density, morphology and compressive strength. The density were increased higher 0.0538 kg / m3 at 3.0 % PMI. The average cell size value higher without addition modified MWCNTs and scanning electron microscopy (SEM) showed inhomogenously structure with addition of modified MWCNTs. Compressive strength with 0.5 % PMI showed the highest value 1.671 MPa compared to other PMI.

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Polyvinylidene fluoride (PVDF) is a high purity thermoplastic fluropolymer that use in the aircraft, electronics, and chemical industry. Carbon nanotube (CNTs) is made up of rolled up of graphite sheets, exhibits excellent chemical, thermal, mechanical properties, and large surface areas. PVDF fibers blended with CNTs were able to enhance the β-phase which contributes to piezoelectric properties. Electrospinning is the simplest and low-cost method to produce PVDF/CNT fibers by dissolving PVDF in solvent N, N-Dimethylformamide (DMF). 15wt% PVDF solution was used. CNT loading were varied at 0.0wt%, 0.35wt%, 0.80wt% and 1.00wt% with parameters of 20kV, tip-to-collector distance (TCD) 15cm and flow rate 1.0mLh-1. Scanning Electron Microscope (SEM), four-point probe and X-ray Diffraction (XRD) were used to determine the morphology and crystallinity of electrospun PVDF/CNT fibers. The SEM analysis concluded all fibers showed beaded structure due to low concentration of PVDF solution with insufficient ultrasonification and stirring, cause electrospraying and agglomeration. XRD and four-point probe analysis concluded PVDF/0.35wt%CNT showed the highest β-phase content with intense XRD peak and highest electrical conductivity. However, shift peak is observed among all fibres due to short electrospinning time leads to insufficient thickness of electrospun mat, which affects the mechanical properties of fibres and causes peak shift.

Powder metallurgy metal matrix composites based on AZ91 alloy matrix reinforced with 0.3, 0.6 and 0.9 weight percent of multiwall carbon nanotube (MWCNT) were investigated from the point of view of their response to artificial ageing as compared to the unreinforced AZ91 matrix alloy. Mg-Zn-Al (AZ91) and its composite were prepared by milling the raw materials and followed by sintering at 450°C for 2 hours. The sintered samples were solution treated at 415°C for 2 hours and followed by artificial ageing at 175°C. The ageing behavior was monitored by following the phase analysis and hardness of the samples examined. Microstructure of the sintered composites indicated that MWCNT was embedded in the AZ91 matrix alloy. All composites indicated lower hardness than matrix, however AZ91reinforced with 0.6 and 0.9 weight percent of CNT showed accelerated ageing. X-ray diffraction pattern indicated the present of β-phase (Mg17Al12) that responsible for the hardening behavior.