Purpose To examine and spot systemic findings commonly associated with a serious form of ocular Behcet's disease. This could potentially help ophthalmologists categorize their patients based on future risk and plan treatment accordingly. Subjects and Methods The data of 249 patients with Behcet's disease were examined thoroughly. Correlations between systemic and ocular findings were recorded. Patients were further subgrouped by the authors as having a vision-threatening form of the disease or not. Regression analysis was done to spot predictors for a vision-threatening form of the disease. Results The presence of systemic vasculitis and oral and genital ulcers in a patient with Behcet's disease was found to be associated with a milder form of ocular affection or none at all and vice versa. Certain correlations between findings were also found. Conclusion Certain findings in Behcet's disease may act as predictors for the severity of ocular affection. Directing our attention to these factors by the internist and ophthalmologist can help plan the frequency of follow-up as well as the aggressiveness of treatment in patients with Behcet's disease.

Performing a staged procedure is advocated to overcome some of the intraoperative difficulties and postoperative complications that may occur with a combined procedure. These complications would not normally occur with vitrectomy alone, including corneal oedema, narrow pupil intraoperatively, and anterior chamber reaction with fibrinous exudate formation and posterior capsular opacification postoperatively. 5Background: A cataract inevitably develops after pars plana vitrectomy (PPV) with silicone tamponade. In patients with rhegmatogenous retinal detachment (RRD) of presbyopic age and without significant cataracts, phacoemulsification can be deferred to the time of silicone removal. Alternatively, it can be performed with PPV. Sparse evidence exists to choose one option over the other; this is usually left to the surgeon's preference.Aim: To compare PPV with silicone tamponade alone, or combined with phacoemulsification for primary RRD, in patients without significant cataracts.Setting: This is a comparative prospective randomised interventional study that was conducted in Cairo University hospitals. Methods:The patients were randomised to two groups, each with 20 phakic patients presenting with RRD. Patients in Group A were randomised to PPV, followed by the phacosilicone removal. Patients in Group B were randomised to phaco-vitrectomy, followed by silicone removal. Results:No statistically significant difference existed between the groups regarding the rate of intraoperative complications. Group B patients had a higher rate of early postoperative complications (intraocular pressure [IOP], corneal oedema and anterior chamber reaction). At final follow-up there was no statistically significant difference between the groups regarding the rate of retinal attachment or the best corrected visual acuity. Calculation of lens power was significantly more accurate in Group A, as evidenced by the difference in the mean spherical equivalent (Group A: -0.75 dioptre [D] vs Group B: -2.5 D, p = 0.031). Conclusion:This study suggests that no difference exists between the surgical options regarding anatomical success and intraoperative complications. Deferring phacoemulsification until the time of silicone oil removal offers an option with fewer early postoperative complications and more accurate lens power calculation.

Purpose: To evaluate the corneal pachymetric and topographic parameters of systemic Lupus Erythematosus (SLE) patients using Dual Scheimpflug Imaging. Methods: This observational cross-sectional controlled study included the right eye of 30 SLE patients and 30 age-matched controls. Corneal measurements were acquired by dual Scheimpflug imaging including anterior and posterior corneal curvatures, central, midperipheral corneal thickness (measured at the 5 mm zone) and peripheral pachymetry (measured at the 7 mm zone). SLE disease activity index (SLEDAI) was calculated and correlated with corneal pachymetry. Results: SLE patients had significantly thicker corneal periphery than controls. Mean central corneal pachymetry was 530.4± 27.3 microns (SD) in SLE and 547.5±31.5 microns (SD) in control group, p = 0.032. The corneal peripheryexcept superiorlywas significantly thicker in SLE patients than controls (p ˂0.001). Nasal peripheral corneal thickness positively correlated with disease activity index SLEDAI (p=0.03). Conclusion: SLE patients present with thicker corneal periphery than controls characteristically sparing the superior quadrant. Possible corneal photosensitivity leading to peripheral immune complex deposition as well as flatter posterior corneal surface at the periphery are proposed explanations for these findings.

Introduction. Hepatitis B virus (HBV) and hepatitis C virus (HCV) and their long-term sequelae are considered a major health issue in Egypt. The aim of this study is to determine the prevalence of undiagnosed hepatitis B virus (HBV) and hepatitis C virus (HCV) among patients admitted for elective eye surgery in a specialized eye hospital in Cairo, Egypt. Materials and Methods. This cross-sectional study was conducted in a specialized eye hospital, Cairo, Egypt. The study included consecutive patients admitted for elective eye surgery in the period from April 2015 to June 2016. Age, sex, and procedure done were recorded for all patients. All the subjects were screened for HBV and HCV by rapid chromatography immunoassay; if positive, the results had to be confirmed by ELISA. Results. 3067 patients admitted for elective eye surgery were included in the study. The mean age of the patients was 50.85 ± 19.77 years. There were 1592 (51.9%) males and 1475 (48.1%) females. The prevalence of preoperative positive HBV and HCV was 7/3067 (0.2%) and 381/3067 (12.4%), respectively. Conclusion. Given the high prevalence of HBV and HCV infection in our population in general and in this study specifically, all patients admitted for surgery should be screened for both viruses.

Aim The aim of this study was to evaluate the effect of intravitreal Bevacizumab injection at the time of phacoemulsification on the incidence of postoperative diabetic macular edema (DME) in diabetic patients without preexisting DME. Patients and methods The study included 40 diabetic patients with no preexisting DME who underwent phacoemulsification. They were divided into two groups: group A (controls) included 20 eyes in which phacoemulsification was performed without Bevacizumab injection and group B (Bevacizumab): included 20 eyes in which 1.25 mg Bevacizumab was injected at the conclusion of surgery. Macular optical coherence tomography and visual acuity were assessed at 2 weeks, 2 months, and 6 months postoperatively. Results The incidence of DME in the noninjected patients was 5, 20, and 30% at 2 weeks, 2 months, and 6 months, respectively, compared with 0, 5, and 5% in the Bevacizumab injected patients. This difference in incidence was only statistically significant at 6 months (P=0.15 at 2 months and 0.04 at 6 months). On comparing the baseline central macular thickness in the control and Bevacizumab groups (229.4±26.8 and 230.8±26.7 μm, respectively) to the 6-month follow-up values (278.3±52.3 and 254.7±26.2 μm, respectively), a higher statistically significant difference was found in the control group (P=0.0001) versus the injected group (P=0.002) denoting more progression of DME in the control group. Conclusion Prophylactic intravitreal injection of Bevacizumab at the time of phacoemulsification is potentially effective in the midterm prevention of DME in cases with and without preoperative diabetic retinopathy.