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Energy storage systems (ESSs) are gaining a lot of interest due to the trend of increasing the use of renewable energies. This paper reviews the different ESSs in power systems, especially microgrids showing their essential role in enhancing the performance of electrical systems. Therefore, The ESSs classified into various technologies as a function of the energy storage form and the main relevant technical parameters. In this review paper, the most common classifications are presented, summarized, and compared according to their characteristics. A specific interest in electrochemical ESSs, especially battery energy storage systems, focusing on their classifications due to their importance in the residential sector. Besides that, the benefits and drawbacks of Lithium-Ion (Li-Ion) batteries are discussed due to their significance. Finally, the environmental impact of these ESSs is discussed.

This paper proposes a multi-agent technique that is divided into two parts. The first part is a prediction agent that will predict power system instability. According to the prediction agent's output, control agent is initiated. The prediction agent is adapted from a proven robotic ball-catching algorithm. The control agent initiates turbine fast valving. The resulting multi-agent technique can predict system instability and establish system stability. Decoded MATLAB programs of both agents are linked to ETMSP program, power system simulation program, used in verifying the results. Results show that the proposed technique could be used on-line for power system instability prediction and control if the control agent speed can be increased.

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