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BACKGROUND: Findings indicative of the glomerular disease are proteinuria, hematuria, nephrotic syndrome (NS), hypertension, and renal insufficiency. These presentations can be used to define different clinical patterns that resemble different underlying etiologies. METHODS: This study is a cross-sectional study enrolled in Children Hospital Cairo University. The study participants were recruited on two stages, retrospective and prospective stages. In the retrospective stage, all eligible patients across 5 years (between 2011 and 2015) with any glomerular disease were included in the study. In addition, prospectively, the new cases a long 6 months (from February 2016 till July 2016) with glomerular diseases were included in the study. RESULTS: A total of 594 cases with different glomerular diseases were identified. Cases were two groups: The retrospective group that involved 543 cases and the prospective group that included 51 cases. In the retrospective part of the study, the most common presentations were NS (68%), nephritis (16.4%), gross hematuria (10.5%), and nephrotic/nephritic syndrome (3.5%). The most common biopsies in the retrospective study were NS: MCNS (27.3%), NS: focal segmental glomerulosclerosis (FSGS) (23.4%), NS: Mesangioproliferative GN (9.4%), NS: Membranous GN (2.3%), Crescentric GN (3.9%), Membranous GN (0.8%), MPGN (0.8%), congenital nephrotic syndrome (CNS):Diffuse Mesangial Sclerosis (3.9%), CNS: Finnish type (2.3%), Alport (4.7%), IgA nephropathy (3.9%), IgM nephropathy (1.6%), lupus nephritis (LN) (3.1%), Thin basement membrane disease (3.1%), and others (9.4%) In the prospective study, the most common presentations were NS (76.5%), nephritis (11.8%), nephrotic/nephritic syndrome (7.8%), and gross hematuria (3.9%). The biopsies results were mainly NS: FSGS (33.3%) and NS: MCNS (33.3%). Other biopsies results in the prospective part were NS: Mesangioproliferative GN (16.7%), LN (8.3%), and IgA nephropathy (8.3%). CONCLUSION: The most common glomerular disease in childhood is NS. The most common pathology of glomerular diseases is minimal change NS.

No abstract

Background: Trauma is a worldwide problem. It is the disease of young and the leading cause of death in the first four decades of life. Several trauma scores have been devised to predict injury severity and risk of mortality. Trauma score systems try to translate the severity of injury into a number. Regardless their accuracy, they are complex to calculate and it is clear that their use in clinical decision making is limited. Aim: The aim of this study was to identify the clinical predicting factors of mortality in blunt poly-trauma patients. Patients and methods: This was a descriptive study conducted on 106 adult blunt poly-traumatized patients from July 2013 to December 2013 attending the Emergency Department at Suez Canal University Hospital. Results: In this study, 78.3% of 106 patients were males. Mortality rate was 18.9%, motor car accidents were responsible for 87.7% of the total cases. The most common sites to be affected were the extremities and pelvis but the head was the only injury related to mortality shock index (SI) was the most sensitive predictor 100% and the most specific one was ISS 100%. Heart rate (HR), Glasgow Coma Score (GCS), and systolic blood pressure (SBP) were good predictors to mortality. Conclusion: We conclude that SI, modified shock index (MSI), injury severity score (ISS), revised trauma score (RTS), and vital signs with presence of head trauma and the need for intubation or ICU admission are predictors of mortality in poly-traumatized patients.