BackgroundLittle is known about the prevalence of asthma, allergic rhinitis, eczema and allergies among Canadian Inuit children, especially those living in the arctic and subarctic areas.MethodsA cross-sectional study among Grade 1 students attending schools in Iqaluit, the capital of Nunavut, was conducted during the 2015/2016 school year. We used the International Study of Allergy and Asthma in Children questionnaire with added questions relevant to the population. In addition, skin prick tests were conducted to test for sensitization to common food and environmental allergens.ResultsThe prevalence of current asthma was 15.9% (> 2:1 males) with the highest prevalence among those with any non-Inuit heritage at 38.5%. The prevalence of current and past allergic rhinitis was 6.8%, also predominant among males, with the lowest prevalence among the mixed ethnicity. Home crowdedness was inversely related to past asthma. Being ever outside Nunavut was associated with higher prevalence of current and past asthma. No statistically significant relationship was found with passive smoking or exclusive breast feeding during the first 4 months of life. The current eczema prevalence was 20.5%, with the highest prevalence recorded among the Inuit at 25% compared to 15.4% among the mixed ethnicity and 14.3% among the non-Inuit. We noted a high rate of sensitization to cat at 26.7% while absent sensitization to other common inhalant allergens.ConclusionVariations in the prevalence and risk factors of asthma, allergic rhinitis and eczema among different ethnicities living at the same subarctic environment may be related to genetic, gene-environment interaction and/or lifestyle factors that require further investigation.Electronic supplementary materialThe online version of this article (10.1186/s13223-018-0232-2) contains supplementary material, which is available to authorized users.

Background Little is known about the prevalence of asthma, allergic rhinitis, eczema and allergies among Canadian Inuit children, especially those living in the arctic and subarctic areas. Methods A cross-sectional study among grade seven students attending schools in Iqaluit, the capital city of Nunavut, was conducted during the 2016/2017 school year. We used the International Study of Allergy and Asthma in Children (ISAAC) questionnaire with added questions relevant to the population. In addition, skin prick tests (SPT) were conducted to test for sensitization to common food and environmental allergens. Results The prevalence of current asthma is 5.2%, all of them were males and 2/3 of them were Inuit and all had a previous respiratory hospitalization. Past asthma prevalence is 8.6%, 60% males and 60% Inuit. There was an inverse relationship to crowdedness possibly as a confounding factor because of getting a higher prevalence among the non-Inuit who usually live in less crowded houses. Current allergic rhinitis prevalence is 8.6%, 60% of the cases were among the mixed Inuit/Caucasian ethnicity while no cases among the non-Inuit, there was a female predominance 3:2. Past history of allergic rhinitis prevalence is 10.3%, half of the cases were among the mixed ethnicity (5.2% of that ethnicity) followed by Inuit (3.4%) and non-Inuit (1.7%), female: Male ratio 1:1. Current eczema prevalence was 27.6%, with half of the cases among the mixed ethnicity (13.8% of that group), followed by Inuit (8.6%). There was a female predominance with protective effect of exclusive breastfeeding. Past eczema prevalence 34.5%, with half of the cases were among the mixed ethnicity (17.2% of that group), followed by Inuit (10.3%). There was a female predominance. We noted a high rate of sensitization to Cat at 29.2%, most of the cases were among the mixed ethnicity, while absent sensitization to other common inhalant allergens. Conclusion While being cautious about firm conclusions due to the small sample size and power, the noticed variations in the prevalence and risk factors of asthma, allergic rhinitis and eczema among different ethnicities living at the same subarctic environment might be related to several possible explanations like genetic, gene-environment interaction and/or lifestyle factors, it was out of the scope of this study to determine the causality of such variation in prevalence, which emphasizes the need for further investigation.

; Klinikum rechts der Isar. RATIONALE: Hereditary angioedema is a disease which leads to recurrent swelling of the skin and mucous membranes including the upper airway tract. Clinicians are occasionally confronted with patients who have recurrent attacks despite treatment with C1-Inhibtor concentration or B2-Receptor Inhibitor. The goal of this study is to investigate repeat attacks which re-occur within a week (''cluster-attacks'') after treatment, to determine why they occur and with what factors they may be associated with, and hereby prevent their occurrence. METHODS: We conducted a multi-center mixed retrospective/prospective study data acquisition of all documented attacks from our HAE patient collective (n5156) from 2015 to 2018. RESULTS: 85% of our patients agreed to participate in the study. 10% (n515) had cluster-attacks, with a total of 126 cluster-attacks. 66% of all cluster-attacks were caused by exogenous stimuli (36% due to psychological stress, 27% due to physical stimuli, and 4% due to menstruation, 1% due to infections). The rate of cluster attacks was lower for patients receiving prophylactic therapy than for patients receiving on-demand therapy (7 versus 14%). A significantly lower ''time to repeat attack'' could be found for patients who received an on-demand therapy, as compared to those with a prophylactic therapy. Redosing rates, when stratified according to pharmaceutical product, showed prophylactically treated patients not redosing, whereas on-demand patients redosed a total of 14 times, 7 times using C1-inhibitor substrate and 7 times using B2-receptor inhibitor. CONCLUSIONS: Cluster-attacks are most commonly due to psychsomaticstress andphysical stimuli.In patients who are prone to cluster-attacks a prophylaxis should be considered.

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