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ANH and allogenic blood transfusion used in this study design were accompanied by comparable cerebral oxygenation parameters in patients subjected to brain tumor resection.

Previous clinical reports have suggested that deep tendon reflexes of diabetic patients are delayed and experimental studies have reported differential sensitivity of motor endplates to neuromuscular blocking drugs. These observations prompted us to study the neuromuscular effect of tubocurarine in 25 diabetic and 15 non-diabetic patients during urological surgery. Anaesthesia was induced with thiopentone followed by suxamethonium and maintained with nitrous oxide in oxygen and increments of butorphanol. Muscle relaxation was provided with tubocurarine in an initial dose of 0.25 mg kg-1 and increments of 20% of the initial dose. At the end of surgery, residual neuromuscular block was antagonized with increments of neostigmine 0.5 mg and atropine 0.2 mg. There was a delay in the onset of action of tubocurarine in diabetic patients. A no-response state was obtained in some patients, and its duration correlated with post-tetanic count (PTC) in diabetic patients, and with post-tetanic twitch height percent (PTTH%) in the control group. We concluded that, in diabetic patients, the onset of action of tubocurarine was delayed compared with control patients, and the reliable predictor of the duration of the no-response time was PTC in diabetic patients and PTTH% in non-diabetic subjects.

Background Heparanase activity was found to be included in human cancer development and growth. Heparanase (HPSE) gene single nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs) have been found to be correlated with different human cancers. In the current study, we investigated whether HPSE SNPs were a hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) risk factor by carrying out a comprehensive case-control pilot study. HPSE rs12331678 and rs12503843 were genotyped in 70 HCC-diagnosed patients and 30 healthy controls by modified amplification refractory mutation system (ARMS PCR) and polymerase chain reaction-restriction fragment length polymorphism (PCR-RFLP) analysis. Results HPSE rs12331678 distributions showed that there were no statistically significant differences between both cohorts either in genotypic or allelic distribution but there was a significant correlation between the rs12503843 (T allele) and the HCC risk in the whole samples (P = 0.042). No significant association was observed between the HPSE rs12331678 and rs12503843 gene polymorphisms and all clinicopathologic markers or with SNP stratification based on HCV carrier in HCC groups. Conclusion Our findings suggest for the first time the HPSE gene SNP characterization in HCC Egyptian patients, and our findings reveal there were associations between the HPSE rs12503843 (T allele) and the susceptibility to HCC.

Background This study was performed to investigate the expression of different biomarkers in patients with hepatocellular carcinoma and its connection with detective biomarkers. To achieve this objective, seventy subjects were examined in this study, sub-grouped to forty HCC patients and thirty HCV-affected patients with matched thirty healthy individuals. The study involved several groups of participants who were matched based on their age and gender. Methods The expression pattern of biomarkers was monitored by quantitative polymerase chain reaction (qRT-PCR). Finally, we utilized a ROC curve to investigate the predictive accurateness of those distinct biomarkers as well as a traditional tumor marker, AFP, in detecting HCC cases. Results The baseline biomarker expression levels were markedly greater in HCC patients than in those affected by HCV or healthy subjects. We stated that the sensitivity and the specificity of the different biomarkers alone did not improve than that of AFP alone. When comparing AFP with different biomarkers, the diagnostic validity improves only when combining with CK-1. Conclusions Overall, our results indicate that CK-1 mRNA expression could help as a noninvasive tumor biomarker for HCC prognosis and diagnosis when combining with AFP.