No abstract

Laparoscopic cholecystectomy is commonly performed as the treatment of choice for symptomatic gallstone diseases. Bile leak is a potential complication of this procedure and the cystic duct stump is the most common site of leakage. Early diagnosis and treatment of bile leak is crucial in decreasing the morbidity and mortality related to this complication. We present a case of biliary leak following laparoscopic cholecystectomy, diagnosis of active biliary leak, and accurate localization of the site of biliary leak on hepatobiliary scintigraphy and adjunct single-photon emission computed tomography/computed tomography fusion imaging.

In order to provide QoS in group communications for real time applications such as video conferencing, reliable multicasting is used. Miscellaneous efforts have been undertaken to provide reliability on top of IP multicast.In this paper, we present a new fair share policy (FSP) that utilizes Differentiated Services to solve the problems of QoS and congestion control when reliable FEC multicast is adopted. The results should provide insight into the comparisons between I P multicast in MPLS networks using FSP and plain 1P multicasting using the same policy when DifBerv are adopted and when reliable FEC multicast is considered.