The present work was conducted to study the effect of selenium (Se) plus vitamin E (Vitam E) and AD 3 E vitamins (Vitam AD 3 E) mixture as two alleviation techniques on heat stressed rabbits during hot summer season of Egypt. In total 45 New Zealand white (NZW) male rabbits were used in this research. The animals were divided into three equal groups. The 1 st group was kept without any treatment and served as control group. The 2 nd and 3 rd groups were supplemented daily 1m/l in drinking water with Se plus E and AD 3 E vitamins mixture, respectively. The experiment lasted 7 weeks during hot summer season (from third week of July to the end of August, 2017). Results showed that adding both of Se plus vitamin E and AD 3 E vitamins mixture in drinking water decreased (P≤0.001) rectal, skin, ear temperature and respiration rate compared with the control group. Adding both of Se plus vitamin E and AD 3 E vitamins mixture in drinking water improved (P≤0.05) final live body weight and feed intake and decreased (P≤0.001) daily water intake in comparative with control group. Adding both of Se plus vitamin E and AD 3 E vitamins mixture in drinking water increased (P≤0.01) serum total protein, albumin and globulin concentrations and decreased (P≤0.05) urea-N and creatinine concentrations in male rabbits. Serum cortisol level was (P≤0.001) lower while Triiodothyronine (T 3 ), Thyroxin (T 4 ) hormonal levels were (P≤0.001) higher in both two treatment groups compared with control. Normal sperm, volume, count, motility and live sperm increased (P≤0.001) while dead sperm was decreased (P≤0.001) in the two treatment groups compared with control group. It can be concluded that the two techniques can alleviate the negative effects of heat stress on rabbits under hot summer season in Egypt.
This research aims to check the impact of climatic variability of the THI index during the three main seasons of the year in Egypt on growth traits and biochemical blood components in native bovine calves. Eighteen Egyptian bovine calves after weaning were used in this study. The experimental design included three experimental groups according to the year's seasons. In the 1st group, sex calves were rearing under winter conditions. In the 2nd group, sex calves were kept during the spring season. In the 3rd group, sex calves were maintained during the summer season. Weekly and monthly Temperature-humidity index (THI) was calculated for the three seasons. The daily body gain (DBG) the feed intake (DMI), and water consumption (WC) were measured weekly for each calf. The highest THI value (85.5) during summer resulted in a significant (P<0.01) decrease in DBG, daily DMI, thyroid hormonal levels, total proteins, and glucose and a significant (P<0.01) increase in daily WC and levels of cortisol and urea. The rate of decline increases with increasing THI values from low THI in winter (68.1) to moderate THI during spring (74.9) and high THI (85.5) during the summer season. With increasing THI, the depression in DBG was more than the decline in daily DMI; therefore, food conversion increases when the value of THI increases. THI has highly (P<0.01) significant negative correlations with DBG, DMI, thyroxin (T4), triiodothyronine (T3), total proteins, and glucose and has highly significant (P<0.01) positive correlations with water intake as well as cortisol and urea concentrations.
The goal of the study was to determine how the 22-hour daily separation of newborn bunnies from their mothers affected the health and ability of doe rabbits to reproduce as well as the survival of the young from birth to weaning. In this study, twenty female New Zealand White (NZW) rabbits were employed, immediately following first parity. The young rabbits were left with their mothers for the first two days after kindling so they could nurse on colostrum. By adding or removing the kits on the third day, the quantity of each litter for each mother was consistent with six, ensuring an equal number of litters at the beginning of the experiment. One of the two groups of animals received a random distribution of female rabbits. Ten does in group one acted as controls and remained with their kits in a group during free lactation (doe-litter together, DLT). In group two, ten does were isolated for 22 hours from their litter (doe-litter separated, DLS). The findings revealed that mothers in the DLS group had a higher (P<0.01) conception rate (28.6%), significantly lower (P<0.05) feed intake, and milk output than mothers in the DLT group. At all experimental ages, the body weight of the separated offspring from their mothers was considerably lower than that of the DLT group (P<0.05). Concentrations of blood biochemical and hormonal levels were affected (P<0.05) due to separation. On day 7, the antioxidant enzyme activities were considerably lower (P<0.05) in the DLS group of rabbits than in the DLT group of animals. It can be inferred that the separation of the kits from their mothers has an impact on the mothers at the beginning of separation while the isolation approach raises the level of the hormone estradiol, which improves the rate of conception.
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