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Objective: The objective of this study was to assess voluntary blood donation practice and associated factors among Bale Robe town civil servants in Oromia, Southeast Ethiopia, 2021. Methods: An institution-based cross-sectional study was conducted among 601 civil servants selected by a stratified systematic random sampling technique. Data were collected using a structured self-administered questionnaire. The questionnaire was pre-tested on 5% of the total sample size before actual data collection. Data were coded and entered into EpiData version 3.1 and analyzed using SPSS version 25. Frequency distribution, descriptive statistics, and diagrams were used to summarize and present data. Binary logistic regression was performed to assess the association between independent variables and voluntary blood donation practice. An adjusted odds ratio (AOR) with its 95% confidence interval (CI) was calculated to identify factors associated with the outcome variables. And p-value < 0.05 was used to declare significance. Result: Of the total of 630 selected civil servants, 601 give a complete response to the questionnaire yielding a response rate of 95%. The mean age of participants was 34.19 years, and 328 (54.6%) of them were rural residents before they joined the governmental work. The lifetime voluntary blood donation practice among civil servants was 27%; 95% confidence interval = (23%–31%). The major reason for not donating blood was fear related to blood donation 186 (42.4%). From multivariable logistic regression, four variables were found as significant independent variables associated with voluntary blood donation practice. Accordingly, having a family member or relative who previously donate blood (adjusted odds ratio = 2.48; 95% confidence interval = (1.39, 4.39)), previous participation in a blood donation campaign (adjusted odds ratio = 5.84; 95% confidence interval = (3.39, 1.04)), and willingness to donate blood (adjusted odds ratio = 5.04; 95% confidence interval = (2.21, 11.48)) were variables significantly and positively associated with voluntary blood donation practice, respectively. Civil servants who had no opportunity to donate blood previously were less likely to give voluntary blood donation (adjusted odds ratio = 0.15 (95% confidence interval = 0.063, 0.367)). Conclusion: The study identified a low level of voluntary blood donation. Having family members/relatives who donate blood, previous participation in a blood donation campaign, and willingness to donate blood were significantly associated with voluntary blood donation. Therefore, there should be regularly scheduled campaigns encouraging civil servants’ voluntary blood donation.

Background: Secure supply of safe blood components, based on voluntary, non-remunerated blood donation, is an important national goal to prevent blood shortages. Nowadays, in many low- and middle-income countries, blood supply is critically inadequate. Sub-Saharan Africa, which has the highest maternal mortality rate in the world of 510 deaths per 100000 live births, also has the lowest blood donation rates. The donated blood plays a big role during surgery, accident, delivery cases and in many bleeding cases. The aim of this work is to assess knowledge, attitude, and practice and associated factors of adult population towards blood donation in Jigjiga town, Eastern Ethiopia, 2019. A total of20 kebeles, six was selected  by simple random sampling. The sample size was calculated by using EPI info version 7.2by considering power of 80%, confidence level of 95%, by taking the comprehensive knowledge of the study Participants towards voluntary blood donation of 43.5% from study conducted in Harartown, giving totalsample size of416.  Result: About 249(61.2%), 318 (78.1%), and 77 (18.9%) study participants had adequate knowledge, good attitude and experience of blood donation. Those who were in college and higher education were 2.034 higher odds of knowledge towards blood donation relative to those in secondary and primary education. Study participants who were government employees and daily workers were 2.259(1.103, 4.629) times more knowledgable to housewife, students. Study particpants age range between 18-30 have less knowledge towards blood donation 0.408 times. Participants who attended college and higher education were more likely to have good attitude towards blood donation. Those respondents who are college and higher education and secondary were 2.450 times more likely, 2.359to have good attitude towards blood donation compared to primary school 2.161 respectively. Participant’s sex, education, and occupational status were found to be significantly associated with practice of blood donation. Being NGO worker is more likely to donate blood 8.167 higher than others. Male participants was more vulnarable to donate blood 5.245 times higher than female for blood do nation. In addition to this, those respondents who are graduated college and higher education were more likely to donate blood than others 3.247.

Introduction: Asthma is a chronic in&#64258;ammatory disease of the airways characterized by recurrent respiratory symptoms of dyspnea, wheezing, chest tightness, and cough. Aim: This study aims to investigate the concentrations of Cu, Zn, Mg, Mn, Fe, Cr, Ni, and Al in the serum of asthmatic patients. Materials and methods: An atomic absorption technique was used to determine the levels of trace elements. The study included sixty asthmatic patients and ninety healthy individuals as control group their ages ranging from 20 to 45 years. Results: We found a significant increase of the levels of copper, iron, and aluminum by 20%, 54%, and 47% (p<0.01), respectively, in the asthmatic patients as compared with the controls. On the other hand, in comparison with the controls, the levels of zinc, magnesium, manganese, and nickel were found to be significantly decreased (p<0.01) by 24%, 16%, 53%, and 81%, respectively, in the asthmatic patient group. Moreover, chromium level showed non-significant differences (p>0.05) between patients and control group. Conclusions: The increased level of Cu and Fe may reflect their potential role in the pathogenesis of asthma. Furthermore, the serum iron levels tend to be increased as a result of the inflammatory process that occurs in asthma. Low levels of Zn, Mg, and Mn may contribute to allergic diseases due to their role in the synthesis of certain antioxidants or to their effect on the immune system.

To slow the current rapid population growth particularly in under developed countries, family planning programs have always been considered as the intervention of choice. Ethiopia, which is the second most populous country in sub-Saharan Africa next to Nigeria, experienced low family planning utilization (36%) of all methods. The main aim was to assess the level of men`s acceptance and associated factors of modern family planning of Dagahbur district, Somali Region; Eastern Ethiopia. Community-based cross-sectional quantitative study was conducted. A total of 686 study participants were recruited for the study. The investigator prepared, pre-tested and structured questionnaire was used to collect data. Odds ratio along with 95% Confidence interval in Multivariate Binary Logistic regression was used to assess the strength and significance of the association. A total of 686 men participated in the study. The proportion of male acceptance in modern family service was 22.3%. In the multivariate analysis, three variables were found to be significantly associated with the male acceptance in modern family planning service. These were marital status (AOR = 1.8, 95% CI (1.03, 3.15) family income (AOR = 1.93, 95% CI, (1.03, 3.63), and attitude about family planning (AOR = 3.19 95%, CI (1.89, 1.59), were significantly associated with the male acceptance of family planning service. The proportion of male acceptance in modern contraceptive was low. Polygamy in marital status, family income, attitude towards modern contraceptive, were the factors influencing acceptance on modern contraceptives.