BACKGROUND: Non-alcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD) is a common liver disease affecting nearly 25% of adults worldwide with related risk factors including obesity, metabolic, and inflammatory diseases. Many therapeutic remedies of natural or synthetic properties were used. AIM: This study aimed to investigate and compare the effects of ginger/rosuvastatin (ROSU) on the liver of rats with induced NAFLD. MATERIALS AND METHODS: Forty adult male albino rats were used in this study and divided into four equal subgroups, Group I, control received the standard rat chow diet and given normal saline (1 ml/kg/day), Group II, high-fat diet (HFD) group, Group III, received HFD+ ROSU (15 mg/kg/day), and Group IV, HFD+ Zingiber officinale (10% W/V) for 6 weeks. At the end of our experiment, the rats were sacrificed then blood samples were collected for biochemical analysis of lipid profiles and liver enzymes, liver specimen was prepared for light and electron microscopic examination, and measurement of tissue level of malondialdehyde. RESULTS: NAFLD caused degenerative changes and lipid deposition in liver cells as evidenced by microscopic results and laboratory tests. Treatment with ginger/ROSU alleviated those changes. CONCLUSION: Ginger and ROSU could ameliorate liver functions in NAFLD and ginger effect is superior to ROSU.

Background: Assessing the pharmacological effect of squalene alone and in combination with vitamin E, and their antioxidant activity against the hypothyroidism induced by potassium dichromate, via mechanistically studying Keap1-Nrf2-ARE pathway and their cyto-protective effects. Materials and methods: Seventy male albino rats were divided into seven groups (n=10), received the following orally on daily basis for 4 weeks, group I as negative control group receiving only saline, group II received squalene only 0.4 ml/day/rat, group III received vitamin E only (250 mg/kg), group IV was the positive control group receiving potassium dichromate only (2.5 mg/kg). Group V received potassium dichromate and squalene, group VI received potassium dichromate and vitamin E, while the last group received a combination of all three together. Results: groups treated with squalene and/or vitamin E showed a great help in modulating the damaging effect of potassium dichromate on thyroid gland, this as proved by elevation of Nrf2, T3, T4, reduced GSH, as well as reduction of KEAP 1, TNF-α, IL-6, TSH, MDA and NO when compared to positive control group.Conclusion: Squalene and vitamin E help in reversing the condition of hypothyroidism and managing its progression by directly interacting with the Keap1-Nrf2-ARE pathway in the thyroid gland.

Article informationBackground: Bisphenol A [BPA] is widely used in industrial processes. It persists in environment and exerts a harmful action on human health, through endocrinedisruption. Many natural compounds are suggested to have a preventive effect on BPA-induced human health hazards. Aim of the work:This study aimed to evaluate the effect of Silymarin/Curcumin in ameliorating the hepatotoxic effect induced in albino rats following oral administration of BPA.Patients and Methods: Fourty adult male albino rats were included and randomly categorized into four equal groups. The control group and BPA-exposed [50 mg/kg] group. Groups 3 and 4 for rats received oral BPA [50 mg/kg] plus [100 mg/ kg] of curcumin or silymarin. Serum liver enzymes, pro-inflammatory cytokines [TNF-α & IL-1,6,8] and the oxidant/antioxidant profile were assessed in the serum. SOD, GPX and CAT levels, MDA and H2O2 were assessed. Histopathological changes of the liver, immunohistochemical detection of caspase 3 and area density of collagen fibres were also assessed.Results: Bisphenol-A administration for 30 days was associated with a significant increase in the number of pro-inflammatory markers as interleukin 1,6,8 and tumor necrosis factor-α [TNF-α]. It also, stimulates oxidative stress with structural changes, apoptosis and fibrosis in hepatic cells. Treatment with silymarin or curcumin for 30 days lead to a reduction of pro-inflammatory mediators and significant amelioration of structural changes. Conclusion:Silymarin/Curcumin had an ameliorative of harmful effects of BPA on the liver cells through potent anti-inflammatory, antiapoptotic and antioxidant effects.