No abstract

Despite the advances in functional structure modeling, the underlying models are lacking formalism and a consistent basis for successive reasoning. Many researchers have worked on functional structures and in standardizing their vocabulary while some undertook the task of benchmarking the process of creating it, although the effects of functional structure modeling methods and strategies on further stages of conceptual design during concept generation have not been discussed in depth. In the present research, a new procedural algorithmic approach for the functional structure is developed and demonstrated.

Function modeling in engineering design, as one of the most common abstract language during design process and especially early stages, is introduced in a common frame for investigating possible development areas. Comparative studies are conducted for analyzing commonalities of various approaches and methods as well as its variances. The interaction of functional modeling with design theories and methodologies are reviewed in detail. The aims of those reviews are highlighting features of various methods of FM and its noticed limitations and discussing applicability of those methods and approaches in various fields of design. Finally, a proposed future works is presented for filling identified gaps within generality and applicability of FM within various design fields.

Incremental sheet forming (ISF) is a metal forming technology in which small incremental deformations determine the final shape. The sheet is deformed by a hemispherical tool that follows the required shape contour to deform the sheet into the desired geometry. In this study, single point incremental sheet forming (SPIF) has been implemented in dentistry to manufacture a denture plate using two types of stainless steel, 304 and 316L, with an initial thickness of 0.5mm and 0.8mm, respectively. Stainless steel was selected due to its biocompatibility and reasonable cost. A three-dimensional (3D) analysis procedure was conducted to evaluate the manufactured part's geometrical accuracy and thickness distribution. The obtained results confirm the capability of SPIF to produce thin-walled biomedical components with satisfactory dimensional accuracy, as geometrical deviations between the developed and the actual models are predominantly in the range of ±0.25mm.

Due to the development that occurs in the technologies of information system many techniques was introduced and played important role in the connection between machines and peoples through internet, also it used to control and monitor of machines, these technologies called cloud computing and Internet of Things. With the replacement of computing resources with manufacturing resources cloud computing named converted into cloud manufacturing. In this research cloud computing was used in the field of manufacturing to automate the process of selecting G-Code that Computer Numerical Control machine work it, this process was applied by the using of this machine with Radio Frequency Identification and a AWS Cloud services and some of python libraries such as PAHO to make the connection between devices.  Present sensor value (A sensor called DHT sensor used in this research to measure temperature and humidity) on cloud to help operator make decision. This technology was used to eliminate paper work, provide a real time monitoring of machines and give the upper level of management to take their decisions about the products and its status to begin the shipping to the costumer