ABS TRACT Objective:Considering the psychosocial factors of performance, the injury history will affect the physical performance parameters. Kinesiophobia is one of these factors. Although injuries are effective with motivation factors in athletes, the focus of research is on physical factors. Accordingly the main objective of the study was to investigate the presence of kinesiophobia in elite athletes with and without a history of lower limb injury. The secondary aim was to determine the relationship between physical performance and, kinesiophobia in elite athletes. Material and Methods: The presence of a history of lower extremity injury was questioned in athletes and the time was recorded. The fear of movement was evaluated using the Tampa Scale of Kinesiophobia (TSK-17). Performance evaluations of athletes were carried out under the titles of flexibility, balance, anaerobic and aerobic tests. Obtained data were analyzed by appropriate statistical methods. Results: Kinesiophobia level was different between athletes with and without a history of lower limb injuries (95%CI: 35.06 [33.41 to 36.71], p: 0.016). The athletes with lower limb injury history have higher kinesiophobia than athletes without lower limb injury history (p<0.05). There was a correlation between the kinesiophobia and, the history of lower limb injury of the athletes (r:0.350, p:0.015). No correlation was found in any subtitle of the physical performance tests and the history of lower limb injury (p>0.05). Conclusion: According to our study results the athletes with lower limb injury history have higher kinesiophobia than athletes without lower limb injury history. Kinesiophobia was related with lower limb injury history and not related with physical performance.ÖZET Amaç: Performansın psikososyal faktörleri göz önüne alındığında, yaralanma geçmişinin fiziksel performans parametrelerini etkilemesi muhtemeldir. Kinezyofobi de bu faktörlerden birisidir. Yaralanmalar atletlerde motivasyon faktörü ile etkili olsa da, araştırmaların odak noktası fiziksel etmenlerdir. Bu doğrultuda çalışmanın birincil amacı, alt ekstremite yaralanması öyküsü olan ve olmayan elit atletler arasındaki kinezyofobi varlığını araştırmaktı. İkincil amaç ise elit atletlerde fiziksel performans ile kinezyofobi arasındaki ilişkiyi belirlemekti. Gereç ve Yöntemler: Atletlerde alt ekstremite yaralanma öyküsü varlığı sorgulandı ve zamanı kaydedildi. Hareket etme korkusu, Tampa Kinezyofobi Ölçeği (TSK-17) ile değerlendirildi. Atletlerin performans değerlendirmeleri esneklik, denge, anaerobik ve aerobik testler başlığı altında yapıldı. Elde edilen veriler uygun istatistiksel yöntemlerle analiz edildi. Bulgular: Kinezyofobi düzeyi, alt ekstremite yaralanması öyküsü olan ve olmayan atletler arasında farklıydı , p: 0.016). Ekstremite yaralanma geçmişi olan atletler, yaralanma geçmişi olmayan atletlerden daha yüksek kinezyofobiye sahipti (p<0.05). Kinezyofobi ile atletlerin alt ekstremite yaralanma öyküsü arasında anlamlı bir ilişki vardı (r: 0.350, p: 0.015). Fiziksel performans test...

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Objective: The aim of this study was to investigate the foot muscle strength, muscle shortness, tibialis posterior endurance, balance, and the shoe preference differences between the neutral and pronated foot posture. Methods: Forty-nine participants consisting of 23 women and 26 men, and age of between 18 and 45 years were participated in the study. Foot posture, medial longitudinal arch height, height, gastrocnemius and hamstring muscle shortness, foot and ankle muscle strength, tibialis posterior muscle endurance, static balance, and shoe preferences of the participants were evaluated. Subjects were recruited into two groups according to their foot posture evaluated with Foot Posture Index: as those with neutral and pronated foot posture. Results: Navicular drop, gastrocnemius, and hamstring muscle shortness were significantly higher in participants with pronated foot posture compared to those with neutral foot (p0.05). Conclusion: Flexibility of gastrocnemius and hamstring muscles were reduced, but foot muscle strength, tibialis posterior muscle endurance, and balance remained unaffected in young individuals with excessive foot pronation. Moreover, shoe preferences may not affect the foot posture in young people. Although all age-related biomechanical effects of foot pronation are not well known yet, muscle shortness seems to arise earlier than muscle weakness and reduced balance in pronated foot posture

Nutrition is one of the major component of sustainable energy, optimal body composition, improving physical fitness and maintaining good health status in athletes. The aim of the study is to investigate the effect of nutritional habits on physical fitness parameters of athletes playing in university teams in different sports branches. Height, body weight of the athletes were measured and body mass index (BMI) was calculated. 12 minute run test, 20 meter sprint test, slalom test, sit ups test, push up test, closed kinetic chain upper extremity stability test (CKCUET test), vertical jump test and hand grip strength test (right-left) were applied to the athletes. 72 athletes who participated in the study, 41.7% were female and 58.3% were male. It was found that the majority of athletes (60.0% for women; 66.7% for men) consumed 3-4 meals a day. While the majority of the athletes reported that they skipped meals, the most skipped meal was breakfast (p=0.05). It was observed that the group consuming 5 or more meals covered more distance in standing long jump and vertical jump tests. When the right and left hand grip strength examined, it was shown that the group who consumed 5 or more meals had better performance, but there was no statistically significant difference (p>0.05). As a result, athletes need different nutritional programs depending on factors such as gender, age, sport, training/competition time. A well nourished athlete will have higher physical fitness and concentration ability and maximum efficiency of the training.