The study predicted chicken meat production in 2019-2025 period for the leading chicken-producing countries with the help of the 1961-2018 Food and Agriculture Organization (FAO) data since chicken meat consumption is so high worldwide. The USA ranks the first place while Brazil and China take second and third places, respectively. The analysis of the pioneer chicken meat-producing countries indicates that while the portion of the USA in world production decreases, the share, particularly Brazil and China, will approach that of the USA. World chicken meat production, which was 7.56 million tons in 1961, will increase to 139.19 million tons in 2025, and this production per capita is predicted to increase to 17.0 kg in 2025 from 2.4, 5.35, 9.80, and 15.0 kg in 1961, 1981, 2001, and 2018, respectively. Indonesia, Russia, Brazil, Japan, and India will run the highest increases in production. However, the share of countries in chicken meat production will decrease from 61% to 60% in 2019-2025 compared to the 2012-2018 periods. This condition showed that apart from some leading countries, the production will keep a rapid increase in production. The increase in chicken meat production and chicken meat import worldwide will improve human nutrition, especially in developing and underdeveloped countries. Countries that run cost advantages and high-quality life standards in line with technological innovations produce processed chicken products, strengthen animal health, hygiene, and transportation standards, and attach importance to advertising activities that increase consumer demand will be more advantageous in this market.

The primary purpose of this study was to determine factors influencing consumer preferences for UHT milk consumption in Erzurum province. The primary data used in this research was derived from Palandoken, Yakutiye and Aziziye districts of Erzurum province in 2010. The factor analysis was used to find out the factors affecting consumer preferences for UHT milk and to reduce these factors. As for the segmentation of consumers and bringing out the profile of each segment, cluster analysis was used. According to the results, 95.00% of households consumed UHT milk. 18 factors that are affecting the consumption of UHT milk were reduced to five main factors with factor analysis. The factor scores which determined with factor analysis were divided into three clusters by cluster analysis. UHT milk for consumers entering the first cluster has because of homogenous and packaging as well as intrinsic and extrinsic properties for advertising and price advantage is preferred. UHT milk for consumers entering the second cluster has ease of preparation and transportation, and confidential properties are preferred by reason. On the contrary, consumers entering the third cluster prefer to UHT milk for a good diet product.

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The aim of this study is to estimate the future of the global hazelnut sector for 2019-2025 using the data of 1961-2018. ARIMA model was used to forecast hazelnut production and export quantity. Hirschman Herfindahl Index (HHI) and Concentration Ratios (CR) have been used to determine market status. According to HHI and CR, the world hazelnut market was oligopoly in 1961-2018 and the biggest player in this market was Turkey. Because Turkey was the largest manufacturer and marketer of hazelnut in the industry, 64% of the production and 67% of the exports of world hazelnut were provided by Turkey as the average in the period 2011-2018. Turkey thus determines the world price in hazelnut. According to the concentration ratio, CR1 will be 0.63 and 0.67 in the export and production; this means that about 63-67% of the world hazelnut production and export will have been provided by Turkey from 2019 to 2025. The number of countries producing, and exporting hazelnuts has risen from 13 to 32, and 9 to 58, respectively in the past fifty-eight years in the world. According to the findings of this study, it was forecasted that the competition degree of Turkey’s hazelnut export market will decrease during the period from 2019 to 2025. The results obtained from this study will help policymakers to monitor the way for hazelnut marketing in Turkey