ÖZETÇay bitkisi (Camellia cinensis) dünyada sudan sonra en çok kullanılan içecektir. Bu çalışmada, fabrikaya getirilen yaş çayın kuru çay olarak imal edilinceye kadar olan her bir işlenme aşamasındaki süreçte üzerinde doğal olarak bulunan, Gram negatif koliformbakterilerin antibiyotik direnç profillerinin belirlenmesi hedeflenmiştir. İzole edilen koliform bakterilerin identifikasyonu koloni morfolojisi, Gram boyanma özelliği geleneksel yöntemler kullanılarak yapılmıştır. Agar disk difüzyon metodu ile antibiyotik direnç profilleri belirlenmiş ve TEM tipi beta-laktamaz ve tetrasiklindirenç genlerinin varlığı PCR ile araştırılmıştır. Yaş çayın işleme aşamalarında toplam 312 enterik bakteri izole edilirken işlenmiş çayda herhangi bir mikroorganizma gözlemlenmemiştir. İzolatların %35,8'i Klebsiella, %17,6'sı Citrobacter, %15,1'i Enterobacter, %8,3'ü Edwarsiella, %7,1'i Escherichia cinslerine ait oldukları belirlenirken %16,1'i tanımlanamamıştır. İzole edilen suşlarda en yüksek direnç %81,73 ile ampisiline karşı gözlenirken, nalidiksik asit, netilmisin ve imipeneme dirençli suş bulunmamıştır. Ampisilin dirençli suşların ikisinde TEM tipi β-laktamaz geni (bla TEM ) tespit edilmiştir. İzole edilen suşlarda tet(A), (B) ve (C) genlerinin varlığı araştırılmış ve tetrasiklin dirençli suşlarda tet(B) geninin yaygın olarak bulunduğu tespit edilmiştir. Yapılan transformasyon çalışmaları sonucunda tetrasiklin, ampisilin, streptomisin, seftazidim ve trimethoprim/sülfametaksazol dirençlerinin transfer edilebilir olduğu tespit edilmiştir. INVESTIGATION OF ANTIBIOTIC RESISTANCE PROFILE OF COLIFORM BACTERIA ISOLATED FROM TEA LEAVES IN THE PROCESSING STAGES ABSTRACTTea plant (Camellia cinensis) is the most common beverage in the world after water. In this study, it was aimed to determine antibiotic resistance profiles of Gram negative coliform bacteria which were naturally found on fresh tea leaves for each tea processing stage. The identification of the isolated coliform bacteria was performed based on colony morphology, Gram staining and conventional methods. The antibiotic resistance profiles of the isolated bacteria were determined by agar disc diffusion assay and the presence of TEM type of beta-lactamase and tetracycline resistance genes was investigated by PCR. Although a total of 312 enteric bacteria were isolated from the processing stages of tea leaves, no microorganism was observed from processed tea. The isolates were identified as Klebsiella sp. (35,8%), Citrobacter sp. (17,6%), Enterobacter (15,1%), Edwarsiella (8,3%), Escherichia sp. (7,1%) and unidentified (16,1%). While the highest resistance among the isolated strains was observed from ampicillin (81,73%), no resistance was found with respect to nalidixic acid, netilmicin and imipenem. TEM type of β-lactamase gene (bla TEM ) was detected in two of ampicillin resistance strains. The presence of tet (A), (B) and (C) genes were investigated from the isolated strains and it was found that tet (B) gene was the most common. It was determined that the resistance of tetracy...
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