Spontaneous rupture of spleen due to malignant melanoma is a rare situation, with only a few case reports in the literature. This study reports a previously healthy, 30-year-old man who came with chief complaint of acute abdominal pain to emergency room. On physical examination, abdominal tenderness and guarding were detected to be coincident with hypotension. Ultrasonography revealed mild splenomegaly with moderate free fluid in abdominopelvic cavity. Considering acute abdominal pain and hemodynamic instability, he underwent splenectomy with splenic rupture as the source of bleeding. Histologic examination showed diffuse infiltration by tumor. Immunohistochemical study (positive for S100, HMB45, and vimentin and negative for CK, CD10, CK20, CK7, CD30, LCA, EMA, and chromogranin) confirmed metastatic malignant melanoma. On further questioning, there was a past history of a nasal dark skin lesion which was removed two years ago with no pathologic examination. Spontaneous (nontraumatic) rupture of spleen is an uncommon situation and it happens very rarely due to neoplastic metastasis. Metastasis of malignant melanoma is one of the rare causes of the spontaneous rupture of spleen.

Amaç: Sarkosistozis, dünya çapında yaygın bir dağılıma sahip ve çok çeşitli konakları olan önemli bir zoonotik protozoal hastalıktır. Bu çalışmanın amacı; Zabol-İran'da kesilen sığırlarda Sarkosistis spp. enfeksiyonunun yoğunluğunu belirlemek ve sarkosistis kistik lezyonlarının histopatolojik özellikleri göstermektir. Yöntemler: Nisan-Eylül 2018 tarihleri arasında kesilen 100 sığırın özofagus, kalp, diyafram, dil ve çiğneme kaslarından 500 doku örneği hazırlanmıştır. Tüm numuneler %10 nötr tamponlu formalin ile sabitlenmiştir ve tüm numunelere rutin doku işleme protokolü uygulanmıştır. Bulgular: Mikroskobik sonuçlar, örneklerin %92,2'sinde S. cruzi'nin ince duvarlı kistleri, %14'ünde kalın duvarlı Sarkosistis (S. hirsuta ve S. hominis) olduğunu, ancak makrokistin sadece bir sığırda görüldüğünü göstermiştir. İnce duvarlı kistlerin pozitiflik oranı kalp için %58,8, çiğneme kasları için %13,9, dil için %10,2, özofagus için %9,3 ve diyafram için %7,8 idi. S. hominis ve S. hirsuta'yı temsil edecek şekilde kalın duvarlı kistlerin pozitiflik oranı özofagus için %32,8, dil için %28,6, kalp için %22,9, çiğneme kasları için %15,7 ve diyafram için %0 idi. En çok enfekte olan doku kalp ve en az enfekte olan doku diyaframdı. İnce duvarlı kistler (S. cruzi) çoğunlukla kalpte bulundu ve diyaframda en az bulundu. Ancak, özofagusta kalın duvarlı kistler (S. hirsuta ve S. hominis) tespit edildi. Diyafram kasında kalın duvarlı kist bulunmadı. Sonuç: Zabol mezbahasında kesilen sığırlarda sarkosistosisin yüksek pozitiflik oranı, Sistan bölgesinin bu önemli paraziter hastalıkla ağır çevresel kontaminasyonunu ortaya çıkarmaktadır.

The present study aimed to evaluate the effects of dietary copper nanoparticles (Cu-NPs) and vitamin C (VC) supplementations on rainbow trout (Oncorhynchus mykiss) juveniles. Six trial diets were supplemented with Cu-NPs and VC including 0/0 (T1, control diet), 0/250 (T2), 0/500 (T3), 2/250 (T4), 2/500 (T5), and 2/0 (T6) mg Cu-NPs/VC per kg diet. After the feeding trial for 60 days, the sh were challenged with Yersinia ruckeri and the survival rate was calculated for 15 days. Based on the data analysis, weight gain (WG), feed conversion ratio (FCR), speci c growth rate (SGR), protein e ciency ratio (PER), lysozyme, alternative complement activity (ACH50), catalase (CAT), glutathione peroxidase (GPX), hematocrit (Hct) and mean corpuscular volume (MCV) were signi cantly (p < 0.05) affected by the Cu-NPs factor. Meanwhile, VC was a signi cant factor for hemoglobin (Hb) and superoxide dismutase (SOD) (p < 0.05). The results showed that the Cu-NPs and/or VC-supplemented diets improved WG, FCR, SGR, PER, lysozyme, ACH50, SOD, CAT, GPX, Hb, Hct, and MCV when compared with the control group (p < 0.05). The expressions of TNF-α, IL-1ß, IL-10, SOD, CAT, and GPX genes were signi cantly (p < 0.05) decreased in the sh fed on T3, T4, and T5 diets versus the control. In addition, the dietary Cu-NPs and VC supplementations signi cantly enhanced resistance against pathogens and led to the control of infection in rainbow trout. In conclusion, Cu-NPs and VC administered as feed additive at 2/250-500 mg/kg elevated the growth performance, antioxidant capacity, and health of rainbow trout.

Aims: As a medical herb, Capparis spinosa is used in the traditional medicine. Nevertheless, its side-effects are not yet studied, especially during the pregnancy. The aim of this study was to investigate the tratogenic effects of hydro-alcoholic extract of the leaves of Capparis spinosa on the embryo of Balb/c mice. Materials & Methods: In the experimental method, 32 pregnant Balb/c mice were randomly divided into four groups including control and experimental groups. The experimental groups were the groups received 200, 400, and 800mg/kg hydro-alcoholic extract doses of the leaves of Capparis spinosa. Experimental and control groups received the extract doses and urban water as 14-day gavage, respectively. The 18-day embryos, removed out of the uterus by Cesarean, were investigated in the physical deformations. Alizarin staining method was used to assess the embryonic skeletal system. Data was analyzed using one-way ANOVA and Newman-Keuls method. Findings: There was a significant reduction in the mean weight of the pregnant mice at the 18 th day of pregnancy in 800mg/kg extract group compared to control group (p<0.05). In addition, there were significant reductions in the mean height and weight of the embryos of the mice in 800mg/kg extract group than control group (p<0.05). There was no embryonic physical and skeletal deformation in the experimental groups. Conclusion: 800mg/kg hydro-alcoholic extract of the leaves of Capparis spinosa affect height and weight of the embryos of Balb/c mice and might have tratogenic effects on embryo.

This paper describes, for the first time, the clinical and histopathological characteristics of squamous cell carcinoma (SCC) in the hoof of a two-year-old female native Iranian sheep. Physical examination of this uncommon case revealed a large, irregularly-shaped, dark-brown-to-blackish, cauliflower-like ulcerated mass in the coronary band of the hoof which had caused lameness and bleeding. On cut-section, a dark red ulcerated stiff mass was observed. In the histopathological investigation, the moderately-differentiated SCC revealed keratin pearls accumulated moderately in cytoplasm, as well as acellular ones, and a relatively dense fibrous stroma. The large tumor cells contained a small amount of eosinophilic cytoplasm and vesicular nuclei, and in some cases, they were slightly hyperchromatic. As well, in some areas, mitotic figures as well as diverse inflammatory cells infiltration were observed. To the best of our knowledge, this is the first paper reporting an incidence of SCC in an ovine hoof.