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Background: The aim of the study is to model the corneal dynamic deformation under an air puff excitation. The deformation response of the cornea was modeled by using linear and nonlinear viscoelastic models. The corneal deformation responses generated from the linear and nonlinear viscoelastic model were correlated with the clinical results, which were obtained from Corneal Visualization Scheimpflug Tonometer (Corvis ST) to evaluate the comparable biomechanical parameters of the cornea. Methods: A prompt deformation occurs when the external force applied to the cornea. Then a continuous deformation follows. A simple mass, spring and dashpot system were used to model human eyeball. Results: In linear viscoelastic model, the corneal elastic stiffness commanded behavior of the corneal deformation and its maximum, when the viscous component affected for its lateral shifting and marginally alter the magnitude.Whereas, in the nonlinear viscoelastic model, the corneal material nonlinearity commanded the behavior and maximum of the corneal deformation, while the viscous component marginally contributed for its lateral shifting and demonstrated the minimum affect on the magnitude and form. A multi-objective genetic algorithm-based optimization procedure was used to identify the material properties in the nonlinear viscoelastic model for 29 eyes of 20 normal people. Conclusion: The corneal deformation response model with nonlinear viscoelastic model showed to have a better fit with the corneal dynamic deformation behavior under an air pulse excitation. The biomechanical properties of the cornea in vivo can be evaluated by using and analysing dynamic deformation of the cornea under an air puff excitation model.

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