This technique for nasal septum resection allows removal of a large portion of the nasal septum and provides a safe alternative to conventional techniques of nasal septum resection in the horse.

Results suggest that there may be an association between cribbing and EFE in horses, with horses with a history of cribbing more likely to have EFE than horses without such a history.

Two mares were evaluated because of chronic uterine torsions of 2 and 4 weeks' duration; both were pyrectic, anemic, tachycardic, and anorectic, had signs of depression, and had an abnormal uterus and contents on transrectal examination. Both mares underwent cesarean section for lysis of adhesions from the uterus to the peritoneum, correction of the torsion, and ovariohysterectomy Both mares recovered with only minor complications and returned to be used as riding horses. Chronic uterine torsion should be considered in mares in late stages of gestation that have vague clinical signs and transrectal palpation findings that are unlike those described in typical cases of uterine torsion. Prognosis for life can be good after treatment by ventral midline celiotomy, cesarean section, correction of the torsion, and ovariohysterectomy.

Reasons for performing study: Ovariohysterectomy appears to have a low mortality rate in mares, but the procedure needs to be reviewed because of the high risk of lifethreatening complications. Hypothesis: That ovariohysterectomy can be effective treatment for a variety of uterine diseases in mares and carries a good prognosis. Methods: Diagnosis, clinical data, surgical technique, post operative care, complications and outcome were recorded from medical records of 7 mares that underwent total (6) and partial (1) ovariohysterectomy at the University of Illinois from 1994 to 2001. Results: The indications for ovariohysterectomy were chronic pyometra (4 mares), chronic uterine torsion (n = 2) and chronic intramural haematoma (n = 1). Surgical exposure was difficult but was improved by traction on stay sutures and right-angled clamps. In some cases, application of the TA-90 autosuture instrument as a right-angled clamp to the caudal part of the uterus improved access to the uterine stump. The most common post operative complications were decreased faecal output, decreased intestinal sounds (4 mares) and mild abdominal pain (2). Two mares had mild to moderate incisional infections. Other previously reported complications, such as haemorrhage, septic peritonitis, uterine stump infection or necrosis, and diarrhoea, did not occur. All mares survived over follow-up periods of 6 months to 5 years and were used for riding (6 mares) and embryo transfer (1 mare, after partial ovariohysterectomy). Conclusions and potential relevance: According to this study, the prognosis for mares after ovariohysterectomy appears to be good, despite the technical difficulties of the procedure. The prevalence of life-threatening complications can be lower than reported. ResultsFour mares had chronic pyometra, confirmed by ultrasonography, vaginal examination, and palpation per rectum (Table 1).