The following skills, such as planning of personal finances, formation and diversification of savings, augmentations of personal capital, and open-mindedness to new initiatives in the entrepreneurship activities, enhance the financial sustainability of the population, and are decisive for their life quality. Every person in certain circumstances can be financially and economically active, if s/he has got such competence as financial literacy which is much more important in the course of life than the level of income or professional qualifications, because, hereafter the governing factor will be not the possession of financial instruments by the person, but skills of effective management for the achievement of one's own objectives.Knowledge of financial matters at a young age makes administration of finances much easier when becoming adult, getting education, or joining the labor market. At the same time the necessity of improving the financial literacy among young people and educating schoolchildren is more and more discussed. Taking into consideration the fact that young individuals are a significant factor for the development of national economy, substantial improvement of young people's financial literacy is essential. Young people with a high level of financial literacy would be those who could give greater contribution to state economy, so it is important to research the level of financial literacy among young people. The objective of the present research is to analyze the financial literacy of young people in Daugavpils. Methods used in the research: monographic methodtheoretical description of financial literacy, graphical methodgraphical representation of obtained * This work is in principle linked to the
The authorss regard credit evolution in the economic thought and the notion of borrower's creditworthiness, with a special emphasis on its place in credit theory. In the process of credit theory evolution the authorss singled out three stages of theory development: 1) the naturalist theory of credit that originated within the classical political economy (A. Smith, D. Ricardo) and treated credit as a natural mechanism used by banks to redistribute the material resources in the society; 2) the capital-raising theory of credit that originated in the framework of monetarism (J. Loe, G. Mcleod, J. Shumpeter, F. Friedman, etc.) and is based on the position that credit can set in movement all production factors that are not in use in the country to create wealth and capital; 3) theory of credit regulation that originated under the impact of the depression of 1929-1933 within J. Keins'Canes' theory and justified the significance of credit regulation in economy, emphasizing that it may facilitate economic development also in the period of crisis. Along with the origin of credit theory in economic research literature in the 18 th century the term 'borrower's creditworthiness' appeared that was used by A. Smith, J. Keins, N. Bunge, V. Kossinsky, etc. The analysis of definitions of borrower's creditworthiness available in research literature makes it possible for the authorss of the present study to argue that each of the suggested definitions emphasizes 1-2 aspects of creditworthiness without its systemic formulation, taking into account the borrower's ability of receiving, efficiently using, and repaying credit. Hence, the authorss suggest own updated definition of borrower's creditworthiness that is considered to be innovative * This research was partly supported by the project, which has received funding from the
Issues of bank capital management have always been topical for each commercial bank and for bank supervisory institutions. After-effects of the financial crises have encouraged strengthening of capital adequacy requirements and therefore supporting the reasonable risk level. Basel Committee on Banking Supervision adopted a range of guidelines, which promote raising of bank stability and safety, stressing the importance of capital as risk coverage. The aim of the research is the determination of factors influencing bank capital adequacy and assessment of financial strength of capital and especially equity in commercial banks. The subject of this research is focusses on commercial banks of Eastern Europe. Methodologically, research methods as comparison, factors analysis, ratio analysis, charts showing statistic information and others have been used by authors. As the result of the investigation, factors influencing bank capital adequacy have been identified. The most important of these factors is credit risk, which is specially analysed in this research. The obtained results allowed the authors to make a range of conclusions, of which some are: in the period of financial crises most of European commercial banks were operating on the verge of capital adequacy, banks did not have sufficient buffer capital, due to substantial losses during the period of crises capital adequacy was maintained only by the inflow of new share capital and subordinated capital. The authors have provided several suggestions concerning the management of bank capital adequacy to commercial banks.
The aim of the article is to analyse the readiness of Daugavpils young people for entrepreneurship and to define the level of creative thinking. In 2016 the research “Readiness of Daugavpils youth for entrepreneurship” carried out based on the survey among Daugavpils young people showed that 54% of the respondents experience lack of ideas, which testifies to the fact that the young are not specifically creative. In 2017 the research into the creativity of Daugavpils youth was carried out with the use of E.P. Torrance test. According to the results of the research, Daugavpils youth in general think creatively within the normal limits, though there is also a big part of young people whose level of creative thinking according to E.P. Torrance test is lower than the norm.
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