BACKGROUND:The most frequent complication of coronavirus infection (COVID-19) in young children is severe viral pneumonia. AIM:To reveal the features of the course of coronavirus pneumonia in children. MATERIALS AND METHODS:A retrospective analysis of 54 case histories of children with coronavirus pneumonia, aged 1 month to 15 years, who received inpatient treatment in the Department of Pulmonology was performed. RESULTS:The disease was most often registered in children of the first three years of life (66,7%). 49 (90,7%) children turned out to be from family foci of coronavirus infection. The majority of children (4481.5%) had signs of respiratory failure of I-II degree. Polymerase chain reaction (PCR) for the presence of coronavirus was positive in 37 (68.5%) children. Radiologically, bilateral infiltrates were detected predominantly in the middle and lower parts of the lungs. The multisystem inflammatory syndrome associated with SARS-CoV-2 was characterized by persistent fever, multiple organ damage and clinical and laboratory shifts. The vast majority of cases involved transmission from adult patients. The disease most often developed in children under 3 years of age. The course of the disease is accompanied by the development of grade III respiratory failure and intoxication. PCR for the presence of coronavirus may be negative due to late admission of patients to the hospital. Radiological changes were characterized by extensive bilateral lesions mainly in the lower and middle lobes of the lungs. Persistent fever, multiorgan lesions, clinical and laboratory shifts in coronavirus pneumonia in children indicate the development of multisystem inflammatory syndrome associated with SARS-CoV-2. CONCLUSIONS:Pneumonia in most cases proceeded with the development of respiratory failure, symptoms of gastrointestinal tract damage, a pronounced intoxication syndrome. At the same time, there was revealed inconsistency of radiologically extensive lung lesions with more scanty auscultatory data.

The results of an anonymous survey among 1039 schoolchildren of Bishkek city to study the prevalence of smoking as a risk factor for cardiovascular diseases are presented. As a result, there is a tendency to an increase in the prevalence of tobacco use in the modern population of teenagers and a decrease in the age of the smoker. This is an unfavorable risk factor for the development of chronic pathologies of the organism of the younger generation.

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Relevance. Cardiovascular disease is one of the leading causes of death worldwide. Known modifiable and unmodifiable risk factors for the development of cardiovascular disease in adults are found already in childhood, are relatively persistent, leading not only to the formation of cardiovascular disease, but also to disability and death at a young age. Objective. Study of the prevalence, structure and clinical and functional characteristics of risk factors for the development of cardiovascular disease in adults in school-age children in Bishkek. Research methods. The material for the study was the analysis of survey data of 2856 schoolchildren aged 10 to 17 years, selected as a result of a one-step cross-sectional study of students from 5 educational institutions in Bishkek. To study cardiovascular disease RF in children, a specially developed questionnaire and survey card were used. Results of work. As a result of the questionnaire, the presence of hereditary cardiovascular disease burden was revealed in 26.5% (771) schoolchildren and 2.4% (72) of them confirmed heart disease in their parents. The smoking factor was detected in 8.5% (245) schoolchildren, and 40.6% (1160) schoolchildren indicated low physical activity. An increased body mass index as one of the main risk factors was found in 7.4% (211) schoolchildren. Daily consumption of fresh vegetables and fruits was revealed only in 41.3% of schoolchildren, which indicates an insufficiently balanced diet of the surveyed children. Scope of the results. The results of the study will make it possible to take certain measures to predict morbidity, develop preventive measures among children and adolescents for the development of serious diseases of the heart and blood vessels in the future.