Purpose:The aim of this study is to evaluate the role of ureteric stents in relieving obstruction and improvement of kidney function in patients with obstructive uropathy.Materials and Methods:This study involved 138 patients with obstructive uropathy with age ranged from 2 months to 73 years. Patients classified into two groups: Group (I): Includes 57 patients (41.3%), ureteric stents fixed to them; and Group (II): Includes 81 patients (58.6%) managed by other treatment modalities. All patients underwent clinical assessment, Laboratory and radiologic investigations: At presentation and postoperative. These included: Complete urine analysis, urine culture and sensitivity, serum creatinine, serum urea nitrogen, serum uric acid, serum sodium (Na), serum potassium (K), Fasting blood glucose level and blood picture and plain X-ray (KUB), abdominal ultrasonography (US), diuretic renography and retrograde pyelography.Results:Renal glomerular filtration rate (GFR) was used as an indicator for improvement of renal function after fixation of ureteric stent. In group I: 56 (71.8%) kidneys showed significant recovery compared to 61 kidneys (66.3%). In group II, there is statistically significant relation between renal perfusion and renal recovery (P < 0.004), statistically significant relation between parenchymal thickness and recovery in both groups (P < 0.0002), statistically significant relation between degree of corticomedullary differentiation and recovery (P < 0.0003) and statistically significant relationship between hemoglobin levels at presentation and the recoverability (P < 0.002).Conclusion:The predictors of renal recoverability revealed that ureteral stents alone can help in regaining renal function and significant improvement of clinical condition in patients with obstructive uropathy.

Objective: This study aimed synthesis of pyridine and fused pyridine derivatives based on the importance of these heterocycles as anticancer. Method: Novel pyridine and fused pyridine derivatives 3-35 were synthesized through different chemical reactions. Results: Structures of these compounds were confirmed by spectral and elemental analyses. The obtained compounds were evaluated for their in vitro antitumor activity against liver HepG2 and breast MCF-7 cancer cell lines compared to the reference drug (5-fluorouracil). Conclusion: Compounds 4, 12, 13, 19, 21, 28 and 29 were found to be the most active against both cell lines exhibiting IC50 values ranging from 3.05-11.50 μg/mL and 2.87-6.23 μg/mL against HepG-2 and MCF-7 cell lines; respectively

Objective: Novel anticancer agents were designed to be synthesized considering Leucettamine B as a lead compound. Leucettamine B, which was isolated from a marine sponge, is a tyrosine-regulated inhibitor of kinase 1A (Dyrk1A), and has gained a lot of attention as a pharmacological target in malignant brain tumors. Method: 3-Phenyl-2thioxoimidazolidin-4-one 1 has been used for the synthesis of various fused phenylimidazo2,4]triazine 10-14, 20 and 21 as well as imidazo[1,2b][1,2,4]triazepine analogues 15 and 17 through different chemical reactions. Results: Considering that eleven of the synthesized compounds were selected for evaluation of their anticancer activity by the National Cancer Institute (NCI), U.S.A. The anticancer evaluation was carried out against National Cancer Institute )NCI) cell lines using single high dose. Conclusion: Compounds 8-(4-Methoxybenzylidene)-2,4-diamino-5-phenyl-5H-imidazo[1,2-b][1,2,4,6] tetrazepin-7(8H)one 16, 20 and 24 were found to have selective potent anticancer activity against Non-Small Cell Lung cancer EKVX, Melanoma UACC-62 and Breast cancer HS 578T cell lines.

Objective: This study aimed to the synthesis fused pyridine due to the importance of these heterocycles both from chemical and biological points of view. Method: Pyridine derivatives 1a,b and 2a,b have been utilized for the synthesis of various fused pyridine through different chemical reactions to yield thieno [4