The article covers the problem of forming diverting stoma during resections of the rectum with primary anastomosis. The incidence of rectal cancer tends to increase, and surgical resection remains the main method of treatment. Anastomotic leakage significantly increases postoperative mortality. The most effective way to prevent severe complications is the formation of a diverting stoma. However, the indications, the choice of a specific technique and the timing of stoma elimination are not clearly defined. The article provides information about the state of the problem, special attention is paid to the choice of the level of stoma formation (ileostomy or transversostomy).

Hypothesis/Aims of study. One of the problems discussed in the field of obstetrics and gynecology is the combined pathology of the reproductive system. Among the female reproductive system disorders associated with uterine leiomyoma, endometrial pathology prevails in the form of local inflammatory, receptor and hormonal changes. The aim of this study was to evaluate the structural features of the endometrium and its receptivity in patients with uterine leiomyoma, depending on its histological type and localization. Study design, materials and methods. We examined 128 women with leiomyoma manifesting abnormal uterine bleeding, using clinical, instrumental and morphological methods. Results. Combined pathological changes in the endometrium are more characteristic of submucous leiomyoma compared to intramural and subserous leiomyomas. The proliferative activity of endometrial cells in submucous leiomyoma is two or more times higher than in intramural and subserous leiomyoma. In submucous leiomyoma, cell proliferation occurs significantly more often than in other locations of myomatous nodes.