Mucoceles of the paranasal sinuses are epithelium-lined cystic masses that develop when the sinus ostia get obstructed. They most frequently occur in the frontal and ethmoid sinuses. The paranasal sinus mucoceles' proximity to the orbit and skull base renders the patient at risk for substantial morbidity. Mucoceles have reactive bone growth, bleeding, fibrosis, and granulation tissue, which are histological traits of respiratory mucosa. The conventional therapy is surgical excision, with endoscopic procedures becoming more popular. A 60-year-old female patient reported to the ENT outpatient clinic complaining of swelling over the medial aspect of her left eye that had begun slowly and progressed over a year. Although there were no neurological, ocular, nasal, or facial symptoms clinically, radiological and cytological examinations aided us in arriving at the definitive diagnosis. The patient in this scenario had an infected mucocele and left medial canthal swelling with no visual impairment, which made it challenging to reach an accurate diagnosis. However, radiological evaluation and cytological examination focused on establishing a definitive diagnosis.

Intracranial consequences from chronic otitis media can be dreadful. Meningitis is the most frequent complication followed by a cerebral abscess. In this pre-antibiotic era, otogenic brain abscess is rare, but it poses one of the life-threatening complications of otitis media. In recent years, brain abscess was noticed almost only in patients of chronic Otitis media with cholesteatoma. A case of a 36-year-old non-diabetic male patient with an otogenic cerebellar abscess, who presented with no cerebellar signs and unique intraoperative ossicular chain status was successfully managed by a combined approach of otolaryngology and neurosurgery, is presented in this report.

Background: The term Chronic Suppurative Otitis Media (CSOM) is characterized as "chronic middle ear and mastoid cavity infection, which occurs through tympanic membrane perforation with recurrent ear discharge or otorrhoea . Though there are many similarities between adult and pediatric CSOM in terms of disease progression and pathological changes, there are certain notable differences stemming from temporal bone anatomy and extent of pneumatization, the immaturity of Eustachian Tube in terms of its function and variable progression of disease. Pediatric temporal bone being more pneumatized makes the disease to spread more extensively. Childhood cholesteatoma has much greater rates of residual and recurrence disease than seen in adults. This study is aimed to compare various dimensions of CSOM among the paediatric and adult age group in rural population. Methods: This cross-sectional comparative study is scheduled from November 2020 to November 2023 in ENT Department of AVBRH, Wardha. Total 50 patients with chronic Otitis Media in the paediatric and adult age group will be enrolled. Baseline investigations will be performed for all patients and compared. Expected Results: Clinical profile and behavior of chronic otitis media in adult and paediatric population in rural areas will be outlined, emphasizing middle ear changes, grade and extent of retraction pockets and cholesteatoma respectively. Pneumatization of the temporal bone and audiological status will be reported. Conclusion: Differentiating characteristics of chronic otitis media in adult and paediatric population with specified features will be concluded.

Introduction: Chronic Otitis Media (COM) is one of the major preventable causes of hearing impairment, especially in children. Hearing loss in children affects speech, language, communication, auditory processing, psychosocial and cognitive development, and academic progress. Since studies addressing and comparing COM in the paediatric and adult population are few and far between, present study attempted to fill this research hiatus. Aim: To analyse and compare the clinical profile of squamosal COM in paediatric and adult populations. Materials and Methods: The present cross-sectional study was carried out in the Department of Otorhinolaryngology, Acharya Vinod Bhave Hospital, Sawangi, Wardha, Maharashtra, India, from December 2020 to December 2022. All the selected patients with squamosal COM (active or inactive) in the paediatric age group (0-15 years) and adult age group (16-60 years) was considered in this study. The study included 26 patients and was evaluated based on intraoperative and radiological findings such as grades of retraction pocket, extent of ossicular erosion, extent, and spread of granulation and cholesteatoma, and pneumatisation pattern among both age groups were carefully analysed. Chi-square test (χ2 ) of independence was used to compare data between the two groups. A p-value ≤0.05 was considered statistically significant. Results: Erosion of scutum was predominantly noted in 6 (42.9%) paediatric patients. In both age groups, attic perforation were more common than marginal perforation, which was found to be statistically significant (p-value=0.045). Grade-2 Posterosuperior Retraction Pocket (PSRP) in paediatric (2, 14.2%) and Grade-4 PSRP in adults (4, 33.3%) were commonest whereas none of the paediatric patients showed Grade-4 PSRP. This difference in PSRP grade in both age groups was found statistically significant (p-value=0.038). Short process of incus was more frequently involved in 3 (25.0%) paediatric and long process of incus in 6 (60%) adult (p-value=0.040). There was frequent involvement of protympanum in 7 (50%) paediatric patients (p-value=0.035). Diploic pattern of pneumatisation was least common in both age groups. Conclusion: Greater grades of PSRP were found among adult patients. This might be contributed to the longer duration of exposure to disease pathogenesis in adults. One of the vital features in the ossicular involvement is the total absence of incus and malleus more frequently in paediatric patients indicating its extensiveness