Stroke, one of the leading causes of death around the globe, is expected to rise considerably by 2050. The expanding nanotechnology science offers a promising future for medical research treating stroke. Nanomaterials are expanding their application in stroke management by structure and function as in perfluorocarbon, iron oxide nanoparticles, gold nanoparticles, dendrimers, quantum dots, nanospheres, and other organic and inorganic nanostructures. Nanotechnology integrated with stem-cell therapy is a different hit in stroke treatment. Nonetheless, some challenges must be resolved before globalizing the use of nanomaterials in stroke treatment and other neurological disorders.