Supraglacial debris was mapped in the Schirmacher Oasis, east Antarctica, by using WorldView-2 (WV-2) high resolution optical remote sensing data consisting of 8-band calibrated Gram Schmidt (GS)-sharpened and atmospherically corrected WV-2 imagery. This study is a preliminary attempt to develop an object-oriented rule set to extract supraglacial debris for Antarctic region using 8-spectral band imagery. Supraglacial debris was manually digitized from the satellite imagery to generate the ground reference data. Several trials were performed using few existing traditional pixel-based classification techniques and color-texture based object-oriented classification methods to extract supraglacial debris over a small domain of the study area. Multi-level segmentation and attributes such as scale, shape, size, compactness along with spectral information from the data were used for developing the rule set. The quantitative analysis of error was carried out against the manually digitized reference data to test the practicability of our approach over the traditional pixel-based methods. Our results indicate that OBIA-based approach (overall accuracy: 93%) for extracting supraglacial debris performed better than all the traditional pixel-based methods (overall accuracy: 80−85%). The present attempt provides a comprehensive improved method for semiautomatic feature extraction in supraglacial environment and a new direction in the cryospheric research.

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Steganography is the art of hiding message in order to have a secure data communication. This paper addresses a technique for wave steganography. In this paper we proposed the idea to replace bits according to the distortion afforded with lossy or lossless and recovery methods. Carrier file bits are replaced by message file. Message embeded in this method is in form of wave. Hidden message can be recovered by applying reverse algorithm. Message file is hidden into the carrier file by using LSB technique, as modifications will usually not create audible changes to the sounds.Results show that the proposed methods are novel for wave steganography for 16 bit stereo wave files..