AIDS is a deadly syndrome in which Highly Active Anti-retroviral therapy is used to reduce the viral load. However these anti-retroviral drugs are supposed to cause several adverse drug reaction. There are several studies that report anemia with Zidovudine and gastrointestinal symptoms with Lamivudine. In this report, We present a case of a 38 year old female patient suffering from HIV infection who is suspected to drug induced anemia and gastritis due to Zidovudine, Lamivudine and Nevirapine combination (ZLN) regimen. The relationship between the administered drug regimen and the suspected ADR’s was found using causality assessment. Severity, predictability and probability was also found for the suspected ADR’s. We need to monitor the HIV patients who are under ZLN regimen for their blood haemoglobin and gastrointestinal symptoms.

As the COVID-19 has become a pandemic across the globe, the knowledge of healthcare workers (HCWs) about the diseases and its management is very vital to have a better control over the infection. This study was carried out to assess the knowledge of HCWs of the 5 south Indian states with higher rates of COVID-19 infection. An online survey with 25 validated questions about COVID-19 was administered to 385 HCWs across the study region. Prior to the administration, the questionnaire was validated for various standard parameters using Cronbach’s alpha score greater than 0.7. The responses were analyzed using descriptive statistics and statistical significance was assessed using one-way ANOVA.p value of less than 0.05 was considered to be statistically significant. The overall knowledge about COVID-19 was found to be greater among the medical doctors, pharmacists and nurses from higher to lower scores with a mean value of78.81±13.45 compared to the other healthcare workers 63.6±24.3. The one-way ANOVA revealed that the difference in the knowledge levels among the HCWs significantly differed (p=0.0012). The answers to few of the questions were found to be highly dynamic as the advisory guidelines are highly dynamic. The present knowledge level of HCWs in south India about COVID-19 is relatively high. However, there is a need for continuous education about COVID-19 to the HCWs and the national organizations and authorities should provide a structured and reliable information to the HCWs in order to have a better control over the COVID-19 infection.

Pruritis is mostly presented as a warning/symptom of a few chronic diseases that may include kidney diseases. Often it can be an indication of any neurologic, systemic, psychiatric or dermatologic disorders. About 10-70% of patients with chronic renal failure, and patients undergoing dialysis exist with Pruritis. Undiagnosed Pruritis may develop into cellulitis and other complications such as septicemia. A clinical pharmacist role is crucial in managing such patients. Clinical pharmacists’ vital role towards the patient helps them manage the unhealthy condition, restore, and improve their quality of life. We had a case report of anaemia in chronic kidney disease presented with Pruritis. The treatment was going on for the severe anaemic condition. Pruritis was left undiagnosed. The treating physician accepted the intervention of the clinical pharmacist to add Epoetin-alfa 3000 units/mL thrice a week. This intervention reaffirms the role of clinical pharmacists in developing the pharmaceutical care plan for patients.