No abstract

BACKGROUND: Isolated limb infusion (ILI) of cytotoxic agents is a regional therapy for cutaneous malignancies in a single extremity. Conventional ILI technique requires retrograde catheterization of the contralateral femoral vein. A novel modified ILI technique uses an ipsilateral popliteal venous approach. The purpose of this study was to compare the performance of ILI using the 2 different approaches. METHODS: Data from patients who underwent lower-extremity ILI at the authors' institution between October 2005 and June 2008 were retrospectively reviewed. The authors compared the 2 ILI approaches with regard to overall procedure time, fluoroscopy time, and the number of callbacks to the operating room (OR) for flow-related issues. The Student t test and Fisher exact test were used. Adverse events, including deep venous thrombosis (DVT) in the treated limb, were recorded. RESULTS: Between October 2005 and June 2008, 67 lower-extremity ILI procedures (15 using a contralateral venous access approach and 52 using an ipsilateral venous access approach) were performed in 62 patients (28 men and 34 women aged 31-82 years). The mean fluoroscopy times for the contralateral and ipsilateral groups were 17.9 and 8.3 minutes, respectively (P ¼ .0019). No significant difference in the overall procedure time and number of callbacks to the OR for flow-related issues between the 2 groups was identified. CONCLUSIONS: The ipsilateral popliteal venous approach is a simplified and safe ILI technique with significantly lower overall fluoroscopy procedure times required for catheter placement and no difference in catheter-related adverse events, when compared with the conventional contralateral approach. Cancer 2010;116:459-64.

Interventional radiology-operated endoscopy has a small but growing number of applications. In this clinical case report, we describe the use of an endoscope to assist the traversal of a high-grade ureteral stricture from percutaneous nephrostomy (i.e., antegrade) access. Direct visualization of the stricture allowed the identification of a central channel that was not present in fluoroscopic images, making endoscopy essential to the technical success of the procedure. Endoscopy is a powerful adjunct to imageguided techniques, particularly in challenging interventions or cases with complex anatomy.