The onsite and offsite effect of erosion has caused it to be considered as a global issue. For erosion to occur there must be soil erodibility and rainfall erosivity. Different geologic formations give rise to different types of soil and this has affect their responses to an erosive event. Five (5) geologic formations were identified within the study area. This study assessed the erodibility of soils from different geologic formations. Soil samples were taken at a depth of 0-10, 10-20, 20-30 cm for standard laboratory analysis. The fine sand, silt, clay, organic matter and permeability of the soils obtained from the different geologic formations were used to determine their erodibility indices using Wischmeier and Smith model. The results obtained shows that Alluvium geologic formation has an average K factor of 0.150 tons MJ-1 hmm-1. Ameki had an average K factor of 0.131 MJmmha-1hr-1yr. Benin had an average K factor of 0.130 tons MJ-1 hmm-1. Imo had an average K factor of 0.147 tons MJ-1 hmm-1. Ogwashi had an average K factor K of 0.127 tons MJ-1 hmm-1. The results show that soils within the study area are vulnerable to erosion.

Climatic conditions and geologic formations have been found to influence the nature of soils formed. Therefore, this study seeks to study the physical and chemical properties of the soils derived from the different geologic formations of a typical West African rainforest agroecological zone. 90 soil samples were generated from the field using standard field procedures. Standard laboratory method was used in carrying out the physico-chemical analysis of the collected soil samples. The results obtained showed the range of some selected soil properties coarse sand (32.25 to 61.62), fine sand (18.17 to 29.87%), total sand (62.22 to 85.93), silt (2.88 to 19.86%), Clay (10.3 to 18.46%), the structural code (1.77 to 3.77), porosity (50.55 to 61.20%), permeability (2.98 to 9.27 cm/hr), bulk density (1.35 to 1.57g/cm3 ) and a permeability class (1.77 to 2.87 cm/hr), pH (5.22 to 5.62), organic matter (5.17 to 6.60%), available phosphorus (19.43 to 28.37%), calcium (4.98 to 19.11%), magnesium (1.39 to 3.34%), sodium (0.06 to 2.8%), potassium (0.04 to 0.29%) and ECEC (8.96 to 17.14 Cmolc/kg). The results indicate the different physico-chemical properties of the formed from the different geologic formation of the study area. There is no statistical difference on the soils across the depth of the each geologic formation. The results obtained show that geologic formation have impact on the physicochemical properties of the soils. The results obtained in this research can served as a guide in soil management, utilization and conservation.