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A BSTRACT Background: There is an increase in longevity of teeth retained in elderly population, leading to increased risk of root caries. Therefore, new and affordable preventive strategies are in need to reduce this problem. Hence, the aim and objective of the study was to assess and compare the root caries remineralization effect of plain milk, 5ppm of fluoridated milk, and 5ppm of NaF in deionized water. Materials and Methods: The study was an in vitro experimental design. Sixty root samples were divided into five groups (sound root, demineralized root treated in deionized water, plain milk, 5-ppm fluoridated milk, and 5-ppm fluoridated deionized water) of 12 samples each after baseline surface microhardness analysis and standardization was carried out in the study. All groups except the sound root were subjected to demineralization procedure for 4 days at 37°C. The demineralized four groups were treated to test solutions and subjected to pH cycling for 14 days. This was followed with assessment of postintervention surface microhardness. Student’s paired t test was used for comparing surface within groups. One-way analysis of variance test and post hoc Tukey’s test were conducted for between groups’ comparison. Results: There was a significant difference between groups ( P < 0.05). The results of post hoc showed that significant difference was found between the group sound root and demineralized treated with 5-ppm fluoridated milk and 5-ppm fluoridated deionized water with an effect size of 2.15 and 2.87, with CI (–26.8 to –8.1) and (–36 to –17.3), respectively. There was a significant difference in all the groups when compared within the group ( P < 0.05). Conclusion: Plain milk, 5-ppm fluoridated milk, and 5-ppm fluoridated deionized water showed remineralizing potential against demineralized in vitro root caries samples. 5-ppm fluoridated deionized water and 5-ppm fluoridated milk have a better effect compared to plain milk.

Background: With introduction of newer enamel remineralization products in the market, it becomes important to evaluate and compare their remineralization efficacy. Hence the objective of the study was to assess and compare the enamel remineralizing efficacy of Casein phosphopeptide amorphous calcium phosphate cream, Nano-hydroxyapatite containing paste and Xylitol containing paste on artificially induced enamel carious lesions using surface micro hardness analysis. Methods: In-vitro study was conducted using 50 enamel specimens, randomly allocated to 5 groups of 10 samples each after standardization of Surface micro hardness. Except Group 1, specimens were subjected to demineralization for 4 days at 37 0 C following remineralization with slurry of remineralizing agents; Tooth Mousse Plus, nano-HAP and Remin Pro.Specimens were subjected to pH cycling for 28 days followed by assessment of surface micro hardness (PISMH). Student's paired t-test, One-way analysis of variance test (ANOVA) and post hoc Tukey test were used for statistical analysis. Results: The surface harness of Tooth Mousse plus (333.62±38.95VHN) and Remin Pro (342.24±27) groups were significantly higher than the sound enamel group, nanoHap group (275.97±67) and demineralized enamel group (p<0.05). There was a significant rise in micro hardness of enamel post intervention in Remin Pro group (p<0.0001) and Tooth Mousse group (p<0.05). Mean surface hardness of Remin Pro group was found to be more than GC Tooth Mousse plus group (p >0.05). Conclusion:Tooth Mousse plus and Remin Pro showed promising enamel remineralizing potential.

Background: At the end of 2019, a novel viral disease COVID 19 has devastated the world. From epidemic in China, it has transformed to pandemic worldwide. It is the most severe outbreak in terms of both spread and mortality in recent times. Along with the emergence of SARS-CoV-2 outbreak, there an emergence of thousands of misinformation called Infodemics. The infodemic is spreading faster than the pandemic. Fake news and misinformation were searched from popular news and social media platforms. The spread of misinformation has spread rapidly compared to the disease itself. The myths were easily debunked by asking an expert or searching approved and verified links in the internet. It is the need of the hour to train the new generation of social media users to look for the genuine source of information rather than believing anything they read or hear.

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