Aim and Objective: To evaluate the probiotic potenties along with safety of probiotics within infant faecal origin. Methods and Results: The present study isolates lactic acid bacteria from infant feces were characterized and identified by 16S rRNA sequencing. On evaluation of in vitro probiotic capability, the test isolates exhibited in vitro probiotic potency, antagonistic property and better cell surface properties. The Bile salt hydrolase activity, cholesterol assimilation, antioxidant activity and angiotensin converting enzyme inhibitory action of the test isolates proves their health conferring potency. Standard protocols were used for the estimation of lymphocyte proliferation rate, phagocytosis rate, cytokine response and faecal enzyme levels. Animal experiment using different doses of L. plantarum (MBTU-S1B) substantiated its immunotolerance against inhibitory effects of supraoptimal concentration of both T and B cell mitogens with significant reduction on β-Glucosidase and Nitroreductase activity with p< 0.05, while contrasting effect was noticed for β-Glucuronidase. Findings of the in vivo study proved higher dose of probiotic would not provide any additional benefit on host body. Conclusions: The test isolates possesed in vitro probiotic potency and the in vivo study with MBTU- S1B proved their applicability in nutraceutical and pharmaceutical industries. Significance and Impact of Study: To conflict disease outbreaks by improving general immunity via probiotics.

The human microbiome is a reservoir of potential bacteriocins that can counteract with the multidrug resistant bacterial pathogens. Unlike antibiotics, bacteriocins selectively inhibit a spectrum of competent bacteria and are said to safeguard gut commensals, reducing the chance of dysbiosis. Bacteriocinogenic probiotics or bacteriocins of human origin will be more pertinent in human physiological conditions for therapeutic applications to act against invading pathogens. Recent advancement in the omics approach enables the mining of diverse and novel bacteriocins by identifying biosynthetic gene clusters from the human microbial genome, pangenome or shotgun metagenome, which is a breakthrough in the discovery line of novel bacteriocins. This review summarizes the most recent trends and therapeutic potential of bacteriocins of human microbial origin, and the advancement in the in silico algorithms and databases in the discovery of novel bacteriocin, and how to bridge the gap between the discovery of bacteriocin genes from big datasets and their in vitro production. Besides, the later part of the review discussed the various impediments in their clinical applications and possible solution to bring them in the frontline therapeutics to control infections, thereby meeting the challenges of global antimicrobial resistance.

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: Chronic wound biofilm infections are a threat to the population with respect to morbidity and mortality. Presence of multidrug resistant bacterial pathogens in chronic wound renders the action of antibiotics and antibiofilm agents difficult. Therefore an alternative therapy is essential for reducing bacterial biofilm burden. In this scenario, the peptide based antibiofilm therapy for chronic wound biofilm management seeks more attention. Synthetic peptide with a broad range of antibiofilm activity against preformed and established biofilms, ability to kill multispecies bacteria within biofilms and combinatorial activity with other antimicrobial agents give significant insights. In this review we portray the possibilities and difficulties of peptide mediated treatment in chronic wounds biofilm management and how it can be clinically translated into a product.