Patterns of community structure within coral reefs ecosystems are strongly influenced by a catastrophe such as a tsunami. Sumur is one of the coastal regions affected the most by the Banten Tsunami in December 2018. This research aims to predict coral reef ecosystem conditions after a tsunami based on the reef fish community structure and benthic coverage in the previous month. The research was conducted on every island around Sumur coastal region. Reef fish specimens were sampled using underwater visual census, and benthic coverage was taken with quadrats for Coral Point Count Estimation (CPCe). Overall coral condition assessed by conservation value determined through coral morphology. The highest coral coverage was found in Sumur, Southwest Oar, and North Badul. Nearly all sites have a high diversity reef fish community, with the highest abundance and species richness found in West Umang and North Badul. Badul island, Mangir island, and Cigorondong were categorized as the locations with coral reef ecosystems with the highest stress-tolerators. Most areas with this high stress-tolerator are predominated by coral massive and sub-massive and have higher endurance than other sites. Post-catastrophe, reef fishes will shift to the sites where most coral reef-building has survived, especially reef fishes with territorial behaviour.
Pelabuhan perikanan berperan penting dalam pengelolaan dan pemanfaatan sumberdaya ikan, kegiatan praproduksi, produksi, pengolahan, pemasaran ikan dan pengawasan sumberdaya ikan. Namun demikian, keberadaan sistem pelelangan di pelabuhan perikanan tersebut dihadapkan pada kompleksitas permasalahan yang tidak hanya menghambat perekonomian daerah, akan tetapi juga mengganggu keberlanjutan perikanan. Beberapa permasalahan tersebut antara lain kuatnya peran patronase nelayan dan pembeli yang tidak tercatat di pelabuhan perikanan, ketiadaan kepemilikan modal para pelelang ikan, dan sarana prasarana pelabuhan perikanan yang sangat minim. Oleh karena itu, Kabupaten Tangerang yang memiliki potensi perikanan mengoptimalkan peran dan fungsi Tempat Pelelangan Ikan, salah satunya adalah optimalisasi pelelangan ikan di Cituis. Tujuan penelitian ini yaitu: (1) menganalisis isu dan permasalahan kelembagan Tempat Pelelangan Ikan di Pangkalan Pendaratan Ikan Cituis; dan (2) menyusun rekomendasi kebijakan dalam penguatan peran kelembagaan Tempat Pelelangan Ikan. Metode yang digunakan adalah Logical Framework Analysis, yang hasilnya menunjukan bahwa permasalahan utama di Tempat Pelelangan Ikan Cituis adalah terganggunya pelelangan ikan, yang disebabkan oleh kemampuan daya beli pedagang kecil, sistem lelang di hutang, hubungan sistem langgan, dan minimnya dana talangan. Oleh karena itu, diperlukan penguatan fungsi kelembagaan Tempat Pelelangan Ikan, penguatan peran langgan, peningkatan fasilitas pelabuhan perikanan, dan penegakan hukum.
ABSTRAKKetergantungan nelayan terhadap sumberdaya ikan pada umumnya memiliki tingkat ketergantungan yang tinggi. Oleh karena itu, diperlukan adanya diversifikasi pekerjaan sebagai sumber pendapatan alternatif saat ikan susah didapatkan. Namun untuk melakukan diversifikasi pekerjaan tersebut, maka perlu dilihat terlebih dahulu tingkat ketergantungan nelayan terhadap sumberdaya ikan. Tujuan dari penelitian ini yaitu (1) mendeskripsikan perikanan gillnet di PPI Karangsong, (2) menganalisis tingkat ketergantungan nelayan gillnet di PPI Karangsong terhadap sumberdaya ikan. Perhitungan tingkat ketergantungan menggunakan Multi Cryteria Analysis dengan kriteria yang digunakan yaitu jumlah keluarga, alokasi waktu, pendapatan, dan pengeluaran. Perikanan gillnet di PPI Karangsong didominasi oleh kelompok gillnet 0-10 GT. Kapal gillnet < 25 GT masih menggunakan es, sedangkan kapal ≥ 25 GT menggunakan freezer. Tingkat ketergantungan nelayan gillnet 0-20 GT terhadap sumberdaya ikan lebih tinggi dibandingkan dengan nelayan gillnet > 20 GT. Kata kunci: Gillnet, Indramayu, ketergantungan, nelayan, PPI Karangsong I. PENDAHULUANKetergantungan nelayan terhadap sumberdaya ikan pada umumnya memiliki tingkat ketergantungan yang tinggi. Namun untuk memanfaatkan sumberdaya ikan ini, nelayan harus menghadapi resiko yang tinggi seperti resiko keselamatan kerja dan ketidakpastian hasil tangkapan yang tinggi. Saat musim paceklik, nelayan sering kali mengalami kesusahan untuk menangkap ikan di laut dan bahkan tidak mendapatkan ikan sama sekali. Selain itu, nelayan juga tidak dapat melaut karena cuaca buruk. Sehingga saat musim paceklik nelayan sering kali tidak berpenghasilan. Hal tersebut disebabkan oleh adanya ketergantungan nelayan terhadap sumberdaya ikan yang tinggi. Kondisi tersebut juga dialami oleh nelayan di PPI Karangsong.PPI Karangsong merupakan salah satu pelabuhan perikanan yang memiliki aktivitas perikanan yang teramai di Indramayu. Berdasarkan data produksi ikan dari tahun 2007-2010 yang dikeluarkan oleh Dinas Kelautan dan Perikanan Indramayu (2010), PPI Karangsong memiliki produksi ikan yang tertinggi dibandingkan dengan pelabuhan perikanan lain yang ada di Indramayu. Banyaknya produksi ikan tersebut didominasi oleh produksi dari unit penangkapan gillnet. Berdasarkan data unit penangkapan ikan dari Dinas
The protection of crew members on foreign fishing vessels is a common concern, both in the world and in Indonesia. This is due to the many cases of violations of Indonesian crew members on foreign fishing vessels. The purpose of this study is to analyze the regulation of crew protection on foreign fishing vessels based on international law and Indonesian laws and regulations, as well as their implementation. This research is descriptive by using normative juridical methods on international law and national law, and comparative juridical which compares international law and national law, as well as empirical juridical on the implementation of human rights protection in Indonesia. The results of this study indicate that international law protects crew members related to certification standards and training standards, ship construction standards, and decent working conditions standards. Meanwhile, Indonesian national law is in accordance with international law, except for the absence of standard ship construction standards. The implementation of human rights protection found that there were violations of human rights related to salaries that were not in accordance with the contract and working hours that exceeded the limit.
The purpose of this research was to analyze the issues and problems in lobster fisheries for establishing strategies to achieve sustainable lobster management. This study was conducted from November 2018 to January 2019 in coastal waters of Wonogiri Regency, Central Java Province. Data collection were made using the triangulation method. In addition, data analyses were performed using AWOT (Analythical Hierarchy Procedure and Strenght-Weakness-Opportunity-Threats) which was the combination of SWOT and Analytical Hierarchy Process (AHP) techniques. The results showed that the problems of lobster management in Wonogiri Regency was the unreported catch and the unwillingness to release small-size- and berried-female lobsters. The best strategy for lobster management in Wonogiri Regency was shown in the 2nd quadrant (strategi Strength-Threats). Thus, the priority strategies would be the development of friendly lobster fishing gear with score a value 35.4% and the second priority is strengthening the role of collectors in controlling catches with a value of 30.5%.
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