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PurposeTo evaluate the relationship between levels of total testosterone and total prostate-specific antigen (PSA) in healthy men with PSA<4 ng/mL.Materials and MethodsThe study comprised 179 men with a mean age of 59.19±12 years who visited Osmaniye State Hospital, Osmaniye, Turkey, between January 2006 and January 2007 for a routine checkup. The patients were divided into two subgroups: patients with PSA<2.5 mg/ml (group I, n=160 patients) and patients with PSA of 2.5 to 4 ng/mL (group II, n=19 patients). The relationship between PSA and testosterone levels was investigated in both groups and in patients aged <60 years. The mean testosterone level was calculated for patients aged <50 years and was compared with the mean value of patients aged ≥50 years.ResultsIn all patients, the mean values for serum PSA and total testosterone were 1.27±0.88 ng/mL and 404.04±158.86 ng/mL, respectively. No correlation was detected between serum PSA and testosterone levels in either subgroup (group I, r=0.072, p=0.363; group II, r=0.031, p=0.900) or in patients aged <60 years (r=0.032, p=0.72). The mean values of testosterone in patients aged ≥50 years and in patients aged <50 years were 417.01±163.35 and 344.16±120.21 ng/dL, respectively (p=0.02).ConclusionsNo impact of testosterone was found on the PSA level in healthy men with PSA <4 ng/mL. Therefore, a high serum testosterone level may not mandate adjustment of PSA values. This serum sex hormone showed a significant increment after the age of 50 years. Further studies including a larger number of patients should be carried out to confirm these findings.

Objective:We aimed to evaluate the relationship between serum total testosterone and total prostate specific antigen (TPSA) levels in healthy men from two different regions of Turkey.

Objective: In the present study, we aimed to show the relationship between the clinical characteristics age, gender, hospitalization time values and hemogram parameters of COVID-19 patients. Methods: Total 70 patients who were diagnosed with COVID-19 between April 2020 and June 2020 in a secondary hospital and discharged with healing were retrospectively examined in terms of demographic data, epidemiological properties and hemogram parameters. Results: The mean age of 70 patients included in the study is 43.8± 17.2 (range, 17 to 87) years; 28 (40%) were female and 42 (60%) were male. The mean hospitalization time of the patients was 6.33 ± 3.05 (range, 1 to 15) days. We observed a significant difference between eosinophil count (p = 0.05) and platelet distribution width (PDW) values (p = 0.032) according to the duration of hospitalization. There was no significant difference between the clinical progress and blood values in general. However, when patients with and without fever were compared, a significant difference was found for mean platelet volume (MPV) (p=0.035) values. Similarly, a statistically significant difference was found between hemoglobin (p = 0.046) and eosinophil number (p = 0.010) when male and female patients were compared. Conclusion: The relationship between clinical progress and hemogram parameters in patients diagnosed with COVID-19 may be significant for the evaluation of prognosis.

Background Pathogen spectrum and antibiotic susceptibility patterns vary in different regions and should consider the empirical treatment of urinary tract infections (UTIs). Information on susceptibility is the basis for providing reliable treatment. This study aimed to determine the antibiotic susceptibility of bacteria isolated from urine cultures at Çukurova State Hospital, which is located south of Turkey and east of the Mediterranean region. Materials and methods Urine culture results were retrospectively evaluated between April 2018 and January 2021. Variables, such as age, sex, and medical department, were also recorded. Inclusion criteria were patients aged at least 18 years with pathogenic bacterial growth in their urine cultures. Antibiotic susceptibility testing and bacterial identification were performed using the VITEK 2 automated system. Results Of 12,288 urine samples, 2033 (16.5%) had pathogenic growth. The rates of bacterial and yeast growth were 93.3% and 6.7%, respectively. Gram-negative pathogens constituted 91.6% of the cohort. The most prevalent bacteria were Escherichia coli with a 66% rate, followed by Klebsiella (14.2%). According to our results, ciprofloxacin, trimethoprim-sulfamethoxazole, and ampicillin are not suitable for empirical treatment of UTIs, whereas nitrofurantoin and fosfomycin are rational options. Conclusions Uropathogens exhibit an increased resistance rate against ampicillin, trimethoprim-sulfamethoxazole, and ciprofloxacin. Nitrofurantoin, fosfomycin, and ceftazidime have better efficacy than other investigated antibiotics in urine culture against common uropathogens and are suitable for empirical treatment of UTI.