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In recent years, the introduction of the photovoltaic generation system (PV system) has been increasing by promoting the use of renewable energy. It has been feared that the reverse current from the PV system may cause an unacceptable level of voltage rise at the interconnection node in the power distribution system. This paper discusses the effects of the reverse current on the voltage rise and fall characteristics of the interconnection node and the voltage profiles along the power distribution line. When the line current on the circuit is small, the voltage on the line monotonically increases from the sending end to the receiving end. When a relatively large current flows, it causes a voltage reduction near the distribution substation. Furthermore, on the basis of the voltage aspects in the power distribution system with a large PV system, the allowable limits of the line current and the output power from PV system are investigated.

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In recent years, it has been discovered that the magnitude of the connection node voltage is affected by the output power from a photovoltaic (PV) generator and the line impedance when the PV generator, in an increasing trend, is introduced into the distribution system. In this paper, power flow is qualitatively discussed using basic circuit theory comprising the voltage and current vector diagram. A magnitude and its operation point of the maximum allowable output power from the PV generator were successfully derived in the vector diagram where the power conditioning system was operated with a constant output power and constant power factor controls. Furthermore, an optimum capacity of the PV generator was also clarified in the vector diagram to effectively utilize the output power of the PV generator. © 2021 Institute of Electrical Engineers of Japan. Published by Wiley Periodicals LLC.